Pangea: An Eager Database Replication Middleware guaranteeing Snapshot Isolation without Modification of Database Servers

Summary: Pangea is an eager replication middleware delivering snapshot isolation without modifying DB servers. It enforces a first-updater-wins rule on PostgreSQL in under 2000 lines of C, delivering better throughput and scalability than SI middleware. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 10123
Venue: VLDB
Year: 2009
Pagerank: 5.093636e-05
Overall Rank: 12,535 | 14.00%
DOI: 10.14778/1687627.1687747

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

No non-self incoming citations found for this paper in this database.

Authors

1. Takeshi Mishima (University of Tokyo)
2. Hiroshi Nakamura (University of Tokyo)

BibTeX Citation

@article{mishima_vldb09,
        title = {{Pangea: An Eager Database Replication Middleware guaranteeing Snapshot Isolation without Modification of Database Servers}},
        author = {Mishima, Takeshi and Nakamura, Hiroshi},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '09},
        doi = {10.14778/1687627.1687747},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/1687627.1687747},
        year = {2009}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 1 of 1 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
6,486	Madeus: Database Live Migration Middleware under Heavy Workloads for Cloud Environment	2015	SIGMOD	5.8651891e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 7 of 7 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
19	A Critique of ANSI SQL Isolation Levels	1995	SIGMOD	0.00058720861
164	The Dangers of Replication and a Solution	1996	SIGMOD	0.00027698879
1,406	Middleware-based Database Replication: The Gaps Between Theory and Practice	2008	SIGMOD	0.00010866135
1,754	Middleware based Data Replication providing Snapshot Isolation	2005	SIGMOD	9.8237803e-05
2,231	Transparent Mid-Tier Database Caching in SQL Server	2003	SIGMOD	8.8980681e-05
2,438	FAS - a Freshness-Sensitive Coordination Middleware for a Cluster of OLAP Components	2002	VLDB	8.57985e-05
5,673	Fine-Grained Replication and Scheduling with Freshness and Correctness Guarantees	2005	VLDB	6.1256973e-05

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