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Lightweight Graphical Models for Selectivity Estimation Without Independence Assumptions

Summary: Proposes a selectivity model that drops independence assumptions and factorizes joint distribution into 2D factors via graphical models. Implemented in PostgreSQL with optimizations, achieving order-of-magnitude gains in selectivity within tens-of-ms. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
10315
Venue
VLDB
Year
2011
Pagerank
0.00011458359
Overall Rank
1,536 | 89.33%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 35 of 35 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
71 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059446482
503 Worst-case Optimal Join Algorithms 2012 PODS 0.00021517145
752 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00017138049
905 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00015423174
1,464 Learning Multi-dimensional Indexes 2020 SIGMOD 0.0001184772
1,638 Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation 2022 VLDB 0.00011050093
1,699 Are We Ready For Learned Cardinality Estimation? 2021 VLDB 0.00010848882
1,756 Sampling-Based Query Re-Optimization 2016 SIGMOD 0.00010659753
2,364 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 8.955077e-05
2,769 FLAT: Fast, Lightweight and Accurate Method for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 8.1512848e-05
2,971 Estimating Join Selectivities using Bandwidth-Optimized Kernel Density Models 2017 VLDB 7.7935535e-05
3,345 Lero: A Learning-to-Rank Query Optimizer 2023 VLDB 7.1908499e-05
3,455 Learned Cardinality Estimation: A Design Space Exploration and A Comparative Evaluation 2022 VLDB 7.0760196e-05
3,492 Fauce: Fast and Accurate Deep Ensembles with Uncertainty for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 7.0435484e-05
3,924 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 6.6227223e-05
3,992 FactorJoin: A New Cardinality Estimation Framework for Join Queries 2023 SIGMOD 6.5519369e-05
4,129 A Statistical Perspective on Discovering Functional Dependencies in Noisy Data 2020 SIGMOD 6.4208557e-05
4,352 Astrid: Accurate Selectivity Estimation for String Predicates using Deep Learning 2021 VLDB 6.2542257e-05
4,413 Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads 2023 VLDB 6.1989918e-05
4,431 Lightweight and Accurate Cardinality Estimation by Neural Network Gaussian Process 2022 SIGMOD 6.1870601e-05
5,405 ALECE: An Attention-based Learned Cardinality Estimator for SPJ Queries on Dynamic Workloads 2024 VLDB 5.5243727e-05
5,506 Can Large Language Models Predict Data Correlations from Column Names? 2023 VLDB 5.4711611e-05
5,941 Eraser: Eliminating Performance Regression on Learned Query Optimizer 2024 VLDB 5.2594013e-05
5,944 SAM: Database Generation from Query Workloads with Supervised Autoregressive Models 2022 SIGMOD 5.2583712e-05
5,952 PGMJoins: Random Join Sampling with Graphical Models 2021 SIGMOD 5.2547498e-05
6,365 Pre-training Summarization Models of Structured Datasets for Cardinality Estimation 2022 VLDB 5.0892829e-05
6,715 Cardinality Estimation over Knowledge Graphs with Embeddings and Graph Neural Networks 2024 SIGMOD 4.9464666e-05
9,350 LIMAO: A Framework for Lifelong Modular Learned Query Optimization 2025 VLDB 4.3494621e-05
9,662 Efficient Query Re-optimization with Judicious Subquery Selections 2023 SIGMOD 4.3056334e-05
9,877 PRICE: A Pretrained Model for Cross-Database Cardinality Estimation 2025 VLDB 4.2615675e-05
9,947 SSCard: Substring Cardinality Estimation using Suffix Tree-Guided Learned FM-Index 2026 SIGMOD 4.2391999e-05
10,047 AgentTune: An Agent-Based Large Language Model Framework for Database Knob Tuning 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,149 CorrBound: Cardinality Estimation Accounting for Inter- and Intra-relation Correlations 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,271 OBELISK: Efficient Offline Query Planning with Bayesian Optimization-Informed Language Model Reasoning 2026 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,598 ACE: A Cardinality Estimator for Set-Valued Queries 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 13 of 13 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1 Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System 1979 SIGMOD 0.0040465394
100 On the Propagation of Errors in the Size of Join Results 1991 SIGMOD 0.00050033475
141 Selectivity Estimation Without the Attribute Value Independence Assumption 1997 VLDB 0.00041819767
212 Join Synopses for Approximate Query Answering 1999 SIGMOD 0.00033997204
223 Wavelet-Based Histograms for Selectivity Estimation 1998 SIGMOD 0.00032829841
224 CORDS: Automatic Discovery of Correlations and Soft Functional Dependencies 2004 SIGMOD 0.00032743209
325 The History of Histograms (abridged) 2003 VLDB 0.00027398081
373 Selectivity Estimation using Probabilistic Models 2001 SIGMOD 0.00025354685
627 Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors 2009 VLDB 0.00018959896
838 Independence is Good: Dependency-Based Histogram Synopses for High-Dimensional Data 2001 SIGMOD 0.00016024923
3,597 Graph-Based Synopses for Relational Selectivity Estimation 2006 SIGMOD 6.9337747e-05
3,868 CORADD: Correlation Aware Database Designer for Materialized Views and Indexes 2010 VLDB 6.6786821e-05
8,869 Sharing-Aware Horizontal Partitioning for Exploiting Correlations During Query Processing 2010 VLDB 4.4277859e-05
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