IS-LABEL: an Independent-Set based Labeling Scheme for Point-to-Point Distance Querying

Summary: IS-LABEL, a novel independent-set based labeling scheme for point-to-point distance querying. Its labeling leverages graph independent sets to support fast distance queries, achieving order-of-magnitude scalability beyond prior indexes (beyond ~1M vertices) for large real-world graphs. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 10898
Venue: VLDB
Year: 2013
Pagerank: 0.00010201102
Overall Rank: 1,622 | 88.88%
DOI: 10.14778/2536336.2536340

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Ada Wai-Chee Fu (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
2. Huanhuan Wu (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
3. James Cheng (Chinese University of Hong Kong)
4. Raymond Chi-Wing Wong (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)

BibTeX Citation

@article{fu_vldb13,
        title = {{IS-LABEL: an Independent-Set based Labeling Scheme for Point-to-Point Distance Querying}},
        author = {Fu, Ada Wai-Chee and Wu, Huanhuan and Cheng, James and Wong, Raymond Chi-Wing},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '13},
        volume = {6},
        number = {6},
        pages = {457--468},
        doi = {10.14778/2536336.2536340},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/2536336.2536340},
        year = {2013}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 21 of 21 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
1,123	Path Problems in Temporal Graphs	2014	VLDB	0.00012089975
1,309	An Experimental Study on Hub Labeling based Shortest Path Algorithms	2018	VLDB	0.00011210911
1,533	TF-Label: a Topological-Folding Labeling Scheme for Reachability Querying in a Large Graph	2013	SIGMOD	0.00010467148
1,553	Hop Doubling Label Indexing for Point-to-Point Distance Querying on Scale-Free Networks	2014	VLDB	0.0001037809
2,152	Scaling Distance Labeling on Small-World Networks	2019	SIGMOD	9.0778596e-05
2,871	P2H: Efficient Distance Querying on Road Networks by Projected Vertex Separators	2021	SIGMOD	8.0110616e-05
3,278	Simple, Fast, and Scalable Reachability Oracle	2013	VLDB	7.5712342e-05
3,612	Relative Subboundedness of Contraction Hierarchy and Hierarchical 2-Hop Index in Dynamic Road Networks	2022	SIGMOD	7.2579119e-05
5,571	Hub Labeling for Shortest Path Counting	2020	SIGMOD	6.1686653e-05
5,678	Shortest-Path Queries on Complex Networks: Experiments, Analyses, and Improvement	2022	VLDB	6.1246854e-05
5,784	Query-by-Sketch: Scaling Shortest Path Graph Queries on Very Large Networks	2021	SIGMOD	6.0896788e-05
6,844	An Experimental Evaluation and Guideline for Path Finding in Weighted Dynamic Network	2021	VLDB	5.7566172e-05
6,940	Exact Top-k Nearest Keyword Search in Large Networks	2015	SIGMOD	5.7331991e-05
7,153	Towards Maximum Independent Sets on Massive Graphs	2015	VLDB	5.6872221e-05
7,158	BatchHL: Answering Distance Queries on Batch-Dynamic Networks at Scale	2022	SIGMOD	5.6858492e-05
7,764	Computing A Near-Maximum Independent Set in Linear Time by Reducing-Peeling	2017	SIGMOD	5.5499989e-05
9,003	Planting Trees for scalable and efficient Canonical Hub Labeling	2020	VLDB	5.3345443e-05
10,366	Efficient Exact Resistance Distance Computation on Small-Treewidth Graphs: a Labelling Approach	2026	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
10,498	Scalable Privacy-Preserving Shortest Path Distance Computation via 2-Hop Labeling in MPC	2026	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
11,248	Distributed Shortest Distance Labeling on Large-Scale Graphs	2024	VLDB	5.093636e-05
11,439	TASK: An Efficient Framework for Instant Error-tolerant Spatial Keyword Queries on Road Networks	2023	VLDB	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 7 of 7 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
370	TEDI: Efficient Shortest Path Query Answering on Graphs	2010	SIGMOD	0.00019937972
433	Scalable Network Distance Browsing in Spatial Databases	2008	SIGMOD	0.00018532516
968	Path Oracles for Spatial Networks	2009	VLDB	0.00012901559
1,232	A Highway-Centric Labeling Approach for Answering Distance Queries on Large Sparse Graphs	2012	SIGMOD	0.00011566372
1,386	On k-skip Shortest Paths	2011	SIGMOD	0.00010950754
2,575	K-Reach: Who is in Your Small World	2012	VLDB	8.3982298e-05
3,857	Efficient Processing of Distance Queries in Large Graphs: A Vertex Cover Approach	2012	SIGMOD	7.0678455e-05

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1	3,979	Reachability Querying: An Independent Permutation Labeling Approach	2014	VLDB
2	9,625	I/O Efficient Label-Constrained Reachability Queries in Large Graphs	2024	VLDB
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