Database Paper Browser

Back to papers

Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer

Summary: Neo (Neural Optimizer) uses deep neural networks to generate query execution plans, offering a learning-based alternative to hand-tuned optimizers. Bootstrapped from traditional optimizers, it learns from live queries, adapts to data patterns, is robust to estimation errors, and can match or surpass state-of-the-art engines. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
11859
Venue
VLDB
Year
2019
Pagerank
0.00027206884
Overall Rank
333 | 97.69%
DOI
10.14778/3342263.3342644

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 170 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
608 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00019235898
640 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00018759152
758 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.0001706608
806 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.00016434274
826 ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index 2020 SIGMOD 0.00016224841
910 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00015423056
1,407 DB-BERT: A Database Tuning Tool that "Reads the Manual" 2022 SIGMOD 0.00012146739
1,611 Qd-tree: Learning Data Layouts for Big Data Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011147324
1,643 CodexDB: Synthesizing Code for Query Processing from Natural Language Instructions using GPT-3 Codex 2022 VLDB 0.0001104256
1,703 Are We Ready For Learned Cardinality Estimation? 2021 VLDB 0.00010836769
1,737 QuickSel: Quick Selectivity Learning with Mixture Models 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010720294
1,902 Black or White? How to Develop an AutoTuner for Memory-based Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010157713
2,121 Balsa: Learning a Query Optimizer Without Expert Demonstrations 2022 SIGMOD 9.5017232e-05
2,364 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 8.9554751e-05
2,552 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 8.5530411e-05
2,596 WeTune: Automatic Discovery and Verification of Query Rewrite Rules 2022 SIGMOD 8.4729982e-05
2,642 Vertica-ML: Distributed Machine Learning in Vertica Database 2020 SIGMOD 8.3851878e-05
2,762 FLAT: Fast, Lightweight and Accurate Method for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 8.1585394e-05
2,783 Flow-Loss: Learning Cardinality Estimates That Matter 2021 VLDB 8.1293383e-05
3,076 Learning a Partitioning Advisor for Cloud Databases 2020 SIGMOD 7.6107677e-05
3,169 QueryFormer: A Tree Transformer Model for Query Plan Representation 2022 VLDB 7.4498425e-05
3,248 A Learned Query Rewrite System using Monte Carlo Tree Search 2022 VLDB 7.3258782e-05
3,348 Lero: A Learning-to-Rank Query Optimizer 2023 VLDB 7.1904529e-05
3,429 Real-time Workload Pattern Analysis for Large-scale Cloud Databases 2023 VLDB 7.1010535e-05
3,473 AI Meets Database: AI4DB and DB4AI 2021 SIGMOD 7.062864e-05
3,625 Cost Models for Big Data Query Processing: Learning, Retrofitting, and Our Findings 2020 SIGMOD 6.9055212e-05
3,727 Cost-based or Learning-based? A Hybrid Query Optimizer for Query Plan Selection 2022 VLDB 6.8141709e-05
3,779 Instance-Optimized Data Layouts for Cloud Analytics Workloads 2021 SIGMOD 6.7747205e-05
3,828 Zero-Shot Cost Models for Out-of-the-box Learned Cost Prediction 2022 VLDB 6.7208524e-05
3,990 FactorJoin: A New Cardinality Estimation Framework for Join Queries 2023 SIGMOD 6.5581983e-05
4,097 The Case for a Learned Sorting Algorithm 2020 SIGMOD 6.4551616e-05
4,128 Are Updatable Learned Indexes Ready? 2022 VLDB 6.4292373e-05
4,152 openGauss: An Autonomous Database System 2021 VLDB 6.4060406e-05
4,284 HTAP Databases: What is New and What is Next 2022 SIGMOD 6.2914924e-05
4,359 Astrid: Accurate Selectivity Estimation for String Predicates using Deep Learning 2021 VLDB 6.2569955e-05
4,388 Proving Query Equivalence Using Linear Integer Arithmetic 2023 SIGMOD 6.2303078e-05
4,399 HUNTER: An Online Cloud Database Hybrid Tuning System for Personalized Requirements 2022 SIGMOD 6.2225151e-05
4,417 Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads 2023 VLDB 6.2037371e-05
4,434 Lightweight and Accurate Cardinality Estimation by Neural Network Gaussian Process 2022 SIGMOD 6.1929999e-05
4,446 Stable Learned Bloom Filters for Data Streams 2020 VLDB 6.1800659e-05
4,462 LOGER: A Learned Optimizer towards Generating Efficient and Robust Query Execution Plans 2023 VLDB 6.1611784e-05
4,468 Comprehensive and Efficient Workload Compression 2021 VLDB 6.1584035e-05
4,588 Leaper: A Learned Prefetcher for Cache Invalidation in LSM-tree based Storage Engines 2020 VLDB 6.0655418e-05
4,590 MB2: Decomposed Behavior Modeling for Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2021 SIGMOD 6.0620053e-05
4,593 Auto-WLM: Machine Learning Enhanced Workload Management in Amazon Redshift 2023 SIGMOD 6.0606891e-05
4,661 PreQR: Pre-training Representation for SQL Understanding 2022 SIGMOD 6.0137947e-05
4,690 Deploying a Steered Query Optimizer in Production at Microsoft 2022 SIGMOD 5.997226e-05
4,804 Efficient Deep Learning Pipelines for Accurate Cost Estimations Over Large Scale Query Workload 2021 SIGMOD 5.910467e-05
4,842 Towards Dynamic and Safe Configuration Tuning for Cloud Databases 2022 SIGMOD 5.8826802e-05
5,125 The Art of Balance: A RateupDBTM Experience of Building a CPU/GPU Hybrid Database Product 2021 VLDB 5.679423e-05
Previous Page 1 / 4 Next

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 14 of 14 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
71 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059038975
102 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00049545203
182 LEO - DB2's LEarning Optimizer 2001 VLDB 0.00036962631
204 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00034784455
224 CORDS: Automatic Discovery of Correlations and Soft Functional Dependencies 2004 SIGMOD 0.00032746205
300 Deep Learning for Entity Matching: A Design Space Exploration 2018 SIGMOD 0.00028441466
454 An Overview of Query Optimization in Relational Systems 1998 PODS 0.00022734812
629 Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors 2009 VLDB 0.00018942366
684 Towards a Robust Query Optimizer: A Principled and Practical Approach 2005 SIGMOD 0.00018179769
801 SageDB: A Learned Database System 2019 CIDR 0.00016505496
1,337 HoloDetect: Few-Shot Learning for Error Detection 2019 SIGMOD 0.00012497164
1,737 QuickSel: Quick Selectivity Learning with Mixture Models 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010720294
2,156 SkinnerDB: Regret-Bounded Query Evaluation via Reinforcement Learning 2018 VLDB 9.4170209e-05
3,658 Towards a Hands-Free Query Optimizer through Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 6.8704209e-05
Previous Page 1 / 1 Next

Semantically Similar Papers

Overall Rank Paper Year Venue Pagerank
5,423 Kepler: Robust Learning for Faster Parametric Query Optimization 2023 SIGMOD 5.5130233e-05
8,659 Learned Offline Query Planning via Bayesian Optimization 2025 SIGMOD 4.4722928e-05
884 Plan-Structured Deep Neural Network Models for Query Performance Prediction 2019 VLDB 0.00015654004
3,348 Lero: A Learning-to-Rank Query Optimizer 2023 VLDB 7.1904529e-05
9,345 LIMAO: A Framework for Lifelong Modular Learned Query Optimization 2025 VLDB 4.3536343e-05
7,008 Is Your Learned Query Optimizer Behaving As You Expect? A Machine Learning Perspective 2024 VLDB 4.8643538e-05
5,334 LEON: A New Framework for ML-Aided Query Optimization 2023 VLDB 5.5649836e-05
3,658 Towards a Hands-Free Query Optimizer through Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 6.8704209e-05
10,096 NeuSO: Neural Optimizer for Subgraph Queries 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
11,350 DeepO: A Learned Query Optimizer 2022 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05