A Normal Form for XML Documents

Summary: Defines path-based functional dependencies for XML via a relational encoding and shows these FDs cause redundancy and update anomalies in XML documents. Proposes XML Normal Form (XNF) that generalizes BCNF and nested-relation normal forms and gives a lossless algorithm to convert any DTD into XNF. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 1254
Venue: PODS
Year: 2002
Pagerank: 0.00010504331
Overall Rank: 1,803 | 87.46%
DOI: -

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Marcelo Arenas
2. Leonid Libkin

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 17 of 17 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
2,450	Functional Dependencies for Graphs	2016	SIGMOD	8.7882979e-05
2,527	Dependencies for Graphs	2017	PODS	8.5954406e-05
3,420	An Information-Theoretic Approach to Normal Forms for Relational and XML Data	2003	PODS	7.1154446e-05
3,442	Apples and Oranges: A Comparison of RDF Benchmarks and Real RDF Datasets	2011	SIGMOD	7.0907071e-05
3,716	Colorful XML: One Hierarchy Isn't Enough	2004	SIGMOD	6.8214504e-05
5,494	Incomplete Data: What Went Wrong, and How to Fix It	2014	PODS	5.4759469e-05
7,056	Efficient Discovery of XML Data Redundancies	2006	VLDB	4.8492432e-05
8,190	XML Schema Mappings	2009	PODS	4.5641911e-05
8,409	Ontology-based Entity Matching in Attributed Graphs	2019	VLDB	4.5205877e-05
9,174	RRXS: Redundancy reducing XML storage in relations	2003	VLDB	4.3838473e-05
10,250	Structural Normalization of Property Graphs	2026	VLDB	4.1945683e-05
11,480	Structural Generalizability: The Case of Similarity Search	2021	SIGMOD	4.1945683e-05
12,219	When Data Dependencies over SQL Tables Meet the Logics of Paradox and S-3	2010	PODS	4.1945683e-05
12,362	Relational-Style XML Query	2008	SIGMOD	4.1945683e-05
12,431	The Complexity of Reasoning about Pattern-based XML Schemas	2007	PODS	4.1945683e-05
12,486	On Redundancy vs Dependency Preservation in Normalization: An Information-Theoretic Study of 3NF	2006	PODS	4.1945683e-05
12,533	Differential Constraints	2005	PODS	4.1945683e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 0 of 0 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank

Semantically Similar Papers

Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
8,190	XML Schema Mappings	2009	PODS	4.5641911e-05
12,362	Relational-Style XML Query	2008	SIGMOD	4.1945683e-05
3,960	Integrity Constraints for XML	2000	PODS	6.5882121e-05
12,486	On Redundancy vs Dependency Preservation in Normalization: An Information-Theoretic Study of 3NF	2006	PODS	4.1945683e-05
9,174	RRXS: Redundancy reducing XML storage in relations	2003	VLDB	4.3838473e-05
1,052	A Normal Form for Nested Relations	1985	PODS	0.00014436103
11,854	SQL Schema Design: Foundations, Normal Forms, and Normalization	2016	SIGMOD	4.1945683e-05
6,180	The Design of non-1NF Relational Databases into Nested Normal Form	1987	SIGMOD	5.1686632e-05
7,056	Efficient Discovery of XML Data Redundancies	2006	VLDB	4.8492432e-05
3,420	An Information-Theoretic Approach to Normal Forms for Relational and XML Data	2003	PODS	7.1154446e-05