A Normal Form for XML Documents

Summary: Defines path-based functional dependencies for XML via a relational encoding and shows these FDs cause redundancy and update anomalies in XML documents. Proposes XML Normal Form (XNF) that generalizes BCNF and nested-relation normal forms and gives a lossless algorithm to convert any DTD into XNF. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 1254
Venue: PODS
Year: 2002
Pagerank: 0.00010410152
Overall Rank: 1,820 | 87.36%
DOI: -

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Marcelo Arenas
2. Leonid Libkin

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 17 of 17 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
2,517	Dependencies for Graphs	2017	PODS	8.6058545e-05
3,422	An Information-Theoretic Approach to Normal Forms for Relational and XML Data	2003	PODS	7.1085318e-05
3,445	Apples and Oranges: A Comparison of RDF Benchmarks and Real RDF Datasets	2011	SIGMOD	7.0841622e-05
3,478	Functional Dependencies for Graphs	2016	SIGMOD	7.0554625e-05
3,718	Colorful XML: One Hierarchy Isn't Enough	2004	SIGMOD	6.8148882e-05
5,508	Incomplete Data: What Went Wrong, and How to Fix It	2014	PODS	5.4706858e-05
7,052	Efficient Discovery of XML Data Redundancies	2006	VLDB	4.8445913e-05
8,190	XML Schema Mappings	2009	PODS	4.5598146e-05
8,405	Ontology-based Entity Matching in Attributed Graphs	2019	VLDB	4.516252e-05
9,178	RRXS: Redundancy reducing XML storage in relations	2003	VLDB	4.3796483e-05
10,250	Structural Normalization of Property Graphs	2026	VLDB	4.1905499e-05
11,484	Structural Generalizability: The Case of Similarity Search	2021	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05
12,227	When Data Dependencies over SQL Tables Meet the Logics of Paradox and S-3	2010	PODS	4.1905499e-05
12,370	Relational-Style XML Query	2008	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05
12,440	The Complexity of Reasoning about Pattern-based XML Schemas	2007	PODS	4.1905499e-05
12,495	On Redundancy vs Dependency Preservation in Normalization: An Information-Theoretic Study of 3NF	2006	PODS	4.1905499e-05
12,542	Differential Constraints	2005	PODS	4.1905499e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 0 of 0 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank

Semantically Similar Papers

Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
8,190	XML Schema Mappings	2009	PODS	4.5598146e-05
12,370	Relational-Style XML Query	2008	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05
3,962	Integrity Constraints for XML	2000	PODS	6.581926e-05
12,495	On Redundancy vs Dependency Preservation in Normalization: An Information-Theoretic Study of 3NF	2006	PODS	4.1905499e-05
9,178	RRXS: Redundancy reducing XML storage in relations	2003	VLDB	4.3796483e-05
1,051	A Normal Form for Nested Relations	1985	PODS	0.00014421811
11,862	SQL Schema Design: Foundations, Normal Forms, and Normalization	2016	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05
6,182	The Design of non-1NF Relational Databases into Nested Normal Form	1987	SIGMOD	5.1637091e-05
7,052	Efficient Discovery of XML Data Redundancies	2006	VLDB	4.8445913e-05
3,422	An Information-Theoretic Approach to Normal Forms for Relational and XML Data	2003	PODS	7.1085318e-05