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Astrid: Accurate Selectivity Estimation for String Predicates using Deep Learning

Summary: Astrid blends traditional pruning sketches with deep learning to estimate string selectivity for prefix, substring, and suffix queries. It offers a query-type aware embedding and a revised neural language-model objective with an efficient optimizer, achieving state-of-the-art results on benchmarks. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
12568
Venue
VLDB
Year
2021
Pagerank
6.2542257e-05
Overall Rank
4,352 | 69.76%
DOI
10.14778/3436905.3436907

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 16 of 16 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,638 Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation 2022 VLDB 0.00011050093
2,090 Balsa: Learning a Query Optimizer Without Expert Demonstrations 2022 SIGMOD 9.5668285e-05
3,167 QueryFormer: A Tree Transformer Model for Query Plan Representation 2022 VLDB 7.4561078e-05
3,269 Learned Cardinality Estimation: An In-depth Study 2022 SIGMOD 7.3026051e-05
4,413 Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads 2023 VLDB 6.1989918e-05
6,328 A Comparative Study and Component Analysis of Query Plan Representation Techniques in ML4DB Studies 2024 VLDB 5.1034426e-05
7,011 Simple Adaptive Query Processing vs. Learned Query Optimizers: Observations and Analysis 2023 VLDB 4.8583284e-05
7,122 Debunking the Myth of Join Ordering: Toward Robust SQL Analytics 2025 SIGMOD 4.8199209e-05
7,188 LPLM: A Neural Language Model for Cardinality Estimation of LIKE-Queries 2024 SIGMOD 4.8017628e-05
7,473 Cardinality Estimation of Approximate Substring Queries using Deep Learning 2022 VLDB 4.7149077e-05
9,725 Cardinality Estimation of LIKE Predicate Queries using Deep Learning 2025 SIGMOD 4.290223e-05
9,727 SPACE: Cardinality Estimation for Path Queries Using Cardinality-Aware Sequence-based Learning 2025 SIGMOD 4.2901665e-05
9,947 SSCard: Substring Cardinality Estimation using Suffix Tree-Guided Learned FM-Index 2026 SIGMOD 4.2391999e-05
9,959 An Elephant Under The Microscope: Analyzing The Interaction Of Optimizer Components In PostgreSQL 2025 SIGMOD 4.2254157e-05
10,216 The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,219 Practical Parameterized Query Optimization via Efficient Plan Reuse and List-wise Ranking 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 33 of 33 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
63 Improved Histograms for Selectivity Estimation of Range Predicates 1996 SIGMOD 0.00063595699
71 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059446482
92 Practical Selectivity Estimation through Adaptive Sampling 1990 SIGMOD 0.00051431888
101 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00049778866
203 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00034868567
223 Wavelet-Based Histograms for Selectivity Estimation 1998 SIGMOD 0.00032829841
260 Fast Exact Shortest-Path Distance Queries on Large Networks by Pruned Landmark Labeling 2013 SIGMOD 0.00030020929
325 The History of Histograms (abridged) 2003 VLDB 0.00027398081
326 Optimal Histograms with Quality Guarantees 1998 VLDB 0.0002737538
329 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00027301488
373 Selectivity Estimation using Probabilistic Models 2001 SIGMOD 0.00025354685
512 STHoles: A Multidimensional Workload-Aware Histogram 2001 SIGMOD 0.00021385343
606 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00019251186
740 Distributed Representations of Tuples for Entity Resolution 2018 VLDB 0.00017358024
752 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.00017138049
796 SageDB: A Learned Database System 2019 CIDR 0.00016541749
804 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.0001643674
849 Dynamic Multidimensional Histograms 2002 SIGMOD 0.00015919478
1,104 Cardinality Estimation Done Right: Index-Based Join Sampling 2017 CIDR 0.0001398479
1,145 Estimating Alphanumeric Selectivity in the Presence of Wildcards 1996 SIGMOD 0.00013672625
1,203 VGRAM: Improving Performance of Approximate Queries on String Collections Using Variable-Length Grams 2007 VLDB 0.00013317317
1,239 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00013091459
1,379 Substring Selectivity Estimation 1999 PODS 0.00012280308
1,536 Lightweight Graphical Models for Selectivity Estimation Without Independence Assumptions 2011 VLDB 0.00011458359
1,914 Creating Embeddings of Heterogeneous Relational Datasets for Data Integration Tasks 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010111859
1,978 Improved Selectivity Estimation by Combining Knowledge from Sampling and Synopses 2018 VLDB 9.8764627e-05
2,168 Selectivity Estimation For Boolean Queries 2000 PODS 9.3877451e-05
2,196 Cost-Based Variable-Length-Gram Selection for String Collections to Support Approximate Queries Efficiently 2008 SIGMOD 9.318552e-05
2,364 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 8.955077e-05
2,844 Selectivity Estimation in Extensible Databases - A Neural Network Approach 1998 VLDB 8.0308994e-05
2,971 Estimating Join Selectivities using Bandwidth-Optimized Kernel Density Models 2017 VLDB 7.7935535e-05
3,229 Extending Q-Grams to Estimate Selectivity of String Matching with Low Edit Distance 2007 VLDB 7.3390133e-05
3,656 Conditional Selectivity for Statistics on Query Expressions 2004 SIGMOD 6.8712579e-05
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Semantically Similar Papers

Overall Rank Paper Year Venue Pagerank
8,383 Consistent and Flexible Selectivity Estimation for High-Dimensional Data 2021 SIGMOD 4.5261239e-05
3,229 Extending Q-Grams to Estimate Selectivity of String Matching with Low Edit Distance 2007 VLDB 7.3390133e-05
9,690 Selectivity Estimation for Queries Containing Predicates over Set-Valued Attributes 2023 SIGMOD 4.2994116e-05
9,947 SSCard: Substring Cardinality Estimation using Suffix Tree-Guided Learned FM-Index 2026 SIGMOD 4.2391999e-05
9,725 Cardinality Estimation of LIKE Predicate Queries using Deep Learning 2025 SIGMOD 4.290223e-05
804 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.0001643674
9,117 Deep Query Optimization 2019 SIGMOD 4.3885415e-05
1,239 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00013091459
7,473 Cardinality Estimation of Approximate Substring Queries using Deep Learning 2022 VLDB 4.7149077e-05
2,364 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 8.955077e-05