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TreeLine: An Update-In-Place Key-Value Store for Modern Storage

Summary: Shows NVMe SSDs' parallel random/sequential parity makes update-in-place KV stores viable and introduces TreeLine, an SSD-tailored update-in-place design. Combines record caching, page grouping, and insert forecasting to close the LSM-read gap and achieves ~2x point-workload and up to ~11x overall speedups vs RocksDB/LeanStore on YCSB. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
13349
Venue
VLDB
Year
2023
Pagerank
6.1965873e-05
Overall Rank
4,427 | 69.21%
DOI
10.14778/3561261.3561270

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 24 of 24 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
5,762 Oasis: An Optimal Disjoint Segmented Learned Range Filter 2024 VLDB 5.3377299e-05
6,840 LeanStore: A High-Performance Storage Engine for NVMe SSDs 2024 VLDB 4.9109345e-05
7,154 Bf-Tree: A Modern Read-Write-Optimized Concurrent Larger-Than-Memory Range Index 2024 VLDB 4.815267e-05
7,620 Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads 2023 SIGMOD 4.693568e-05
7,990 Blueprinting the Cloud: Unifying and Automatically Optimizing Cloud Data Infrastructures with BRAD 2024 VLDB 4.6117441e-05
8,076 Accelerating String-key Learned Index Structures via Memoization-based Incremental Training 2024 VLDB 4.5917398e-05
8,183 Two is Better Than One: The Case for 2-Tree for Skewed Data Sets 2023 CIDR 4.5658208e-05
8,339 How to Grow an LSM-tree? Towards Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice 2025 SIGMOD 4.5434069e-05
8,805 ArceKV: Towards Workload-driven LSM-compactions for Key-Value Store Under Dynamic Workloads 2026 VLDB 4.4466855e-05
9,071 Structural Designs Meet Optimality: Exploring Optimized LSM-tree Structures in A Colossal Configuration Space 2024 SIGMOD 4.4025274e-05
9,346 Can Learned Indexes be Built Efficiently? A Deep Dive into Sampling Trade-offs 2024 SIGMOD 4.3532026e-05
9,386 Rethinking The Compaction Policies in LSM-trees 2025 SIGMOD 4.3455975e-05
9,917 Check Out the Big Brain on BRAD: Simplifying Cloud Data Processing with Learned Automated Data Meshes 2023 VLDB 4.2561557e-05
10,038 Understanding Robustness Issues of Updatable Learned Indexes: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,063 Counting Is All You Need for Instant Tuple Discovery: Enabling Real-Time HTAP in Standalone DBMSs 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,176 Improving Range Scan Performance in LSM-trees with Group Caching 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,193 Predictive Translation: High-Performance Buffer Management Without the Trade-Offs 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,255 How to Write to SSDs 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,257 SIDLE: Tree-structure Aware Indexes for CXL-based Heterogeneous Memory 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,367 Aster: Enhancing LSM-structures for Scalable Graph Database 2025 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,649 STsCache: An Efficient Semantic Caching Scheme for Time-series Data Workloads Based on Hybrid Storage 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,773 From FASTER to F2: Evolving Concurrent Key-Value Store Designs for Large Skewed Workloads 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
11,007 Breathing New Life into An Old Tree: Resolving Logging Dilemma of B+-tree on Modern Computational Storage Drives 2024 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
11,009 Sorting on Byte-Addressable Storage: The Resurgence of Tree Structure 2024 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 14 of 14 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
102 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00049545203
609 Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store 2017 SIGMOD 0.0001923446
826 ALEX: An Updatable Adaptive Learned Index 2020 SIGMOD 0.00016224841
857 The PGM-index: a fully-dynamic compressed learned index with provable worst-case bounds 2020 VLDB 0.00015882892
899 Faster: A Concurrent Key-Value Store with In-Place Updates 2018 SIGMOD 0.00015509287
1,366 SlimDB: A Space-Efficient Key-Value Storage Engine For Semi-Sorted Data 2017 VLDB 0.00012357685
1,375 FITing-Tree: A Data-aware Index Structure 2019 SIGMOD 0.00012303141
1,460 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.00011887068
2,109 The Log-Structured Merge-Bush & the Wacky Continuum 2019 SIGMOD 9.5318694e-05
2,606 Design Continuums and the Path Toward Self-Designing Key-Value Stores that Know and Learn 2019 CIDR 8.4645832e-05
2,798 Chucky: A Succinct Cuckoo Filter for LSM-Tree 2021 SIGMOD 8.1080111e-05
4,227 Cosine: A Cloud-Cost Optimized Self-Designing Key-Value Storage Engine 2022 VLDB 6.3434324e-05
7,563 FASTER: An Embedded Concurrent Key-Value Store for State Management 2018 VLDB 4.7097616e-05
7,690 High-Performance Geospatial Analytics in HyPerSpace 2016 SIGMOD 4.6763023e-05
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Overall Rank Paper Year Venue Pagerank
8,876 MirrorKV: An Efficient Key-Value Store on Hybrid Cloud Storage with Balanced Performance of Compaction and Querying 2023 SIGMOD 4.4304279e-05
10,176 Improving Range Scan Performance in LSM-trees with Group Caching 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
7,343 LSM-Trees and B-Trees: The Best of Both Worlds 2019 SIGMOD 4.7568442e-05
6,460 Toward a Better Understanding and Evaluation of Tree Structures on Flash SSDs 2021 VLDB 5.0554178e-05
10,255 How to Write to SSDs 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
7,218 Breaking Down Memory Walls in LSM-based Storage Systems 2020 SIGMOD 4.7982543e-05
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6,840 LeanStore: A High-Performance Storage Engine for NVMe SSDs 2024 VLDB 4.9109345e-05
1,366 SlimDB: A Space-Efficient Key-Value Storage Engine For Semi-Sorted Data 2017 VLDB 0.00012357685
10,191 PartitionKV: Redesigning LSM-tree KV Stores on NVMs with Adaptive Partitioning for Reducing Write Stalls and Amplification 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05