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ALECE: An Attention-based Learned Cardinality Estimator for SPJ Queries on Dynamic Workloads

Summary: ALECE uses attention to learn attribute-wise aggregations (data-encoder) and a query-analyzer that maps query features to these aggregations, capturing implicit correlations for SPJ queries on dynamic workloads. Plugged into PostgreSQL it yields near-optimal plans and outperforms existing estimators. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
13432
Venue
VLDB
Year
2024
Pagerank
5.5285035e-05
Overall Rank
5,401 | 62.43%
DOI
10.14778/3626292.3626302

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 20 of 20 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
8,659 Learned Offline Query Planning via Bayesian Optimization 2025 SIGMOD 4.4722928e-05
8,688 NeurDB: On the Design and Implementation of an AI-powered Autonomous Database 2025 CIDR 4.4673127e-05
8,835 Learning-based Property Estimation with Polynomials 2024 SIGMOD 4.4394021e-05
8,896 SQL-Factory: A Multi-Agent Framework for High-Quality and Large-Scale SQL Generation 2026 VLDB 4.427232e-05
8,956 T3: Accurate and Fast Performance Prediction for Relational Database Systems With Compiled Decision Trees 2025 SIGMOD 4.4214154e-05
9,345 LIMAO: A Framework for Lifelong Modular Learned Query Optimization 2025 VLDB 4.3536343e-05
9,485 Spatial Query Optimization With Learning 2024 VLDB 4.3341665e-05
9,587 Low Rank Learning for Offline Query Optimization 2025 SIGMOD 4.3215645e-05
9,812 A Practical Theory of Generalization in Selectivity Learning 2025 VLDB 4.2783272e-05
9,825 Athena: An Effective Learning-based Framework for Query Optimizer Performance Improvement 2025 SIGMOD 4.2751057e-05
9,878 PRICE: A Pretrained Model for Cross-Database Cardinality Estimation 2025 VLDB 4.2656547e-05
10,096 NeuSO: Neural Optimizer for Subgraph Queries 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,216 The Case For Language Model Approximated LIKE Predicate 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,498 PLM4NDV: Minimizing Data Access for Number of Distinct Values Estimation with Pre-trained Language Models 2025 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,534 AdaNDV: Adaptive Number of Distinct Value Estimation via Learning to Select and Fuse Estimators 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,590 ACE: A Cardinality Estimator for Set-Valued Queries 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,619 Data-Agnostic Cardinality Learning from Imperfect Workloads 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,859 Graph Transformers for Query Plan Representation: Potentials and Challenges 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,868 LEAP: A Low-cost Spark SQL Query Optimizer using Pairwise Comparison 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,983 A Universal Sketch for Estimating Heavy Hitters and Per-Element Frequency Moments in Data Streams with Bounded Deletions 2024 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 35 of 35 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1 Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System 1979 SIGMOD 0.0040449103
18 On Random Sampling over Joins 1999 SIGMOD 0.00092385438
141 Selectivity Estimation Without the Attribute Value Independence Assumption 1997 VLDB 0.00041786333
182 LEO - DB2's LEarning Optimizer 2001 VLDB 0.00036962631
204 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00034784455
372 Selectivity Estimation using Probabilistic Models 2001 SIGMOD 0.00025354779
512 STHoles: A Multidimensional Workload-Aware Histogram 2001 SIGMOD 0.00021380733
608 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00019235898
629 Preventing Bad Plans by Bounding the Impact of Cardinality Estimation Errors 2009 VLDB 0.00018942366
758 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.0001706608
842 Independence is Good: Dependency-Based Histogram Synopses for High-Dimensional Data 2001 SIGMOD 0.00016031973
910 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00015423056
943 Wander Join: Online Aggregation via Random Walks 2016 SIGMOD 0.00015145883
996 Approximating Multi-Dimensional Aggregate Range Queries Over Real Attributes 2000 SIGMOD 0.00014741524
1,254 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00013027411
1,369 Random Sampling over Joins Revisited 2018 SIGMOD 0.00012339777
1,547 Lightweight Graphical Models for Selectivity Estimation Without Independence Assumptions 2011 VLDB 0.00011442359
1,638 Cardinality Estimation in DBMS: A Comprehensive Benchmark Evaluation 2022 VLDB 0.00011049779
1,703 Are We Ready For Learned Cardinality Estimation? 2021 VLDB 0.00010836769
2,083 Towards a Learning Optimizer for Shared Clouds 2019 VLDB 9.5834572e-05
2,254 Two-Level Sampling for Join Size Estimation 2017 SIGMOD 9.1897043e-05
2,762 FLAT: Fast, Lightweight and Accurate Method for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 8.1585394e-05
2,783 Flow-Loss: Learning Cardinality Estimates That Matter 2021 VLDB 8.1293383e-05
2,969 Estimating Join Selectivities using Bandwidth-Optimized Kernel Density Models 2017 VLDB 7.7974762e-05
3,449 Learned Cardinality Estimation: A Design Space Exploration and A Comparative Evaluation 2022 VLDB 7.0824319e-05
3,499 Fauce: Fast and Accurate Deep Ensembles with Uncertainty for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 7.0376445e-05
3,924 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 6.6271553e-05
3,990 FactorJoin: A New Cardinality Estimation Framework for Join Queries 2023 SIGMOD 6.5581983e-05
4,417 Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads 2023 VLDB 6.2037371e-05
4,434 Lightweight and Accurate Cardinality Estimation by Neural Network Gaussian Process 2022 SIGMOD 6.1929999e-05
4,543 FACE: A Normalizing Flow based Cardinality Estimator 2022 VLDB 6.1011198e-05
6,740 Combining Aggregation and Sampling (Nearly) Optimally for Approximate Query Processing 2021 SIGMOD 4.944395e-05
6,775 A Unified Transferable Model for ML-Enhanced DBMS 2022 CIDR 4.9299192e-05
7,358 Weighted Distinct Sampling: Cardinality Estimation for SPJ Queries 2021 SIGMOD 4.7529363e-05
7,581 Synopses for Query Optimization: A Space-Complexity Perspective 2004 PODS 4.7057641e-05
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