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OpenSQL: Data-Efficient Text-to-SQL for Open-Source LLMs via Synthesized Intermediate Supervision

Summary: OpenSQL targets data-efficient Text-to-SQL with open-source LLMs by synthesizing intermediate supervision from scarce (question, SQL) pairs. Global-local schema linking + reasoning-enhanced, clause/semantic-level candidate selection + task-aware augmentation yield 70% Bird-dev with only 14K samples (32B), beating OmniSQL (2.5M). (summarized by gpt-5.4-mini on May 27 2026)

Paper ID
14306
Venue
VLDB
Year
2026
Pagerank
4.1905499e-05
Overall Rank
10,268 | 28.64%
DOI
10.14778/3801059.3801074

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Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
293 Deep Learning for Entity Matching: A Design Space Exploration 2018 SIGMOD 0.00028661817
366 Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluation 2024 VLDB 0.00025580097
514 TURL: Table Understanding through Representation Learning 2021 VLDB 0.00021280726
998 CodeS: Towards Building Open-source Language Models for Text-to-SQL 2024 SIGMOD 0.00014726344
1,731 CatSQL: Towards Real World Natural Language to SQL Applications 2023 VLDB 0.00010723825
1,914 Creating Embeddings of Heterogeneous Relational Datasets for Data Integration Tasks 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010111859
2,435 ScienceBenchmark: A Complex Real-World Benchmark for Evaluating Natural Language to SQL Systems 2024 VLDB 8.8218963e-05
2,948 Few-shot Text-to-SQL Translation using Structure and Content Prompt Learning 2023 SIGMOD 7.8301799e-05
3,666 The Dawn of Natural Language to SQL: Are We Fully Ready? 2024 VLDB 6.8606092e-05
3,862 OpenSearch-SQL: Enhancing Text-to-SQL with Dynamic Few-shot and Consistency Alignment 2025 SIGMOD 6.68436e-05
3,978 OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scale 2025 VLDB 6.5662694e-05
4,908 Combining Small Language Models and Large Language Models for Zero-Shot NL2SQL 2024 VLDB 5.835596e-05
7,703 AOP: Automated and Interactive LLM Pipeline Orchestration for Answering Complex Queries 2025 CIDR 4.668568e-05
9,151 The Power of Constraints in Natural Language to SQL Translation 2025 VLDB 4.380727e-05
9,153 Unify: A System For Unstructured Data Analytics 2025 VLDB 4.380727e-05
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