Extending the Data Base Relational Model to Capture More Meaning

Summary: Extends the relational model to encode atomic and molecular semantics, enabling richer meaning beyond n-ary relations. Offers a synthesis of semantic-modeling ideas to guide systematic design and smarter data-management behavior. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 2171
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 1979
Pagerank: 0.0007727299
Overall Rank: 10 | 99.94%
DOI: 10.1145/582095.582122

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. E. F. Codd (IBM)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{codd_sigmod79,
        title = {{Extending the Data Base Relational Model to Capture More Meaning}},
        author = {Codd, E. F.},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '79},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/582095.582122},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/582095.582122},
        year = {1979}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 47 of 97 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
4,899	A Grammar-Based Approach Towards Unifying Hierarchical Data Models (extended abstract)	1989	SIGMOD	6.4539543e-05
5,090	Handling Summary Information In A Database: Derivability	1981	SIGMOD	6.367045e-05
5,108	On the Correctness of Representing Extended Entity-Relationship Structures in the Relational Model	1989	SIGMOD	6.3622648e-05
5,166	Determining the Currency of Data	2011	PODS	6.3370824e-05
5,271	Incomplete Data: What Went Wrong, and How to Fix It	2014	PODS	6.2907571e-05
5,276	Incomplete information in relational temporal databases	1992	VLDB	6.2870973e-05
5,326	Language Support for Office Modelling	1984	VLDB	6.2639903e-05
5,378	Troubles with Nulls, Views from the Users	2022	VLDB	6.2406439e-05
5,448	Database Support for Knowledge-Based Image Evaluation	1987	VLDB	6.2147169e-05
5,547	Beyond Relations: A Case for Elevating to the Entity-Relationship Abstraction	2025	CIDR	6.1790655e-05
5,761	Rel: A Programming Language for Relational Data	2025	SIGMOD	6.0957569e-05
5,816	Observatory: Characterizing Embeddings of Relational Tables	2024	VLDB	6.0776454e-05
6,051	The Integrated Data Model: A Database Perspective	1983	VLDB	5.9942339e-05
6,196	On Verification Of Database Temporal Constraints	1985	SIGMOD	5.9465353e-05
6,243	SIM: A Database System Based on the Semantic Data Model	1988	SIGMOD	5.9425753e-05
6,346	Referential Integrity Revisited: An Object-Oriented Perspective	1990	VLDB	5.9055438e-05
6,464	Research Directions in Object-Oriented Database Systems	1990	PODS	5.8714103e-05
6,842	Choices in Practical Data Design	1982	VLDB	5.7574039e-05
7,221	A Model for Integrated Information Systems	1983	VLDB	5.6679547e-05
7,741	Safe Referential Integrity Structures in Relational Databases	1991	VLDB	5.5549922e-05
7,808	A New Characterization of Independence	1983	SIGMOD	5.5403037e-05
7,872	A Self-Controlling Interpreter for the Relational Production Language	1988	SIGMOD	5.5267409e-05
8,123	Managing Complex Objects in an Extensible Relational DBMS	1989	VLDB	5.4830239e-05
9,646	Computing Full Disjunctions	2003	PODS	5.243371e-05
9,647	Rock: Cleaning Data by Embedding ML in Logic Rules	2024	SIGMOD	5.2430158e-05
10,661	CRDV: Conflict-free Replicated Data Views	2025	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
11,262	Enriching Relations with Additional Attributes for ER	2024	VLDB	5.093636e-05
11,434	Learning and Deducing Temporal Orders	2023	VLDB	5.093636e-05
12,369	Score-Consistent Algebraic Optimization of Full-Text Search Queries with GRAFT	2011	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
12,414	When Data Dependencies over SQL Tables Meet the Logics of Paradox and S-3	2010	PODS	5.093636e-05
13,095	A Uniform Approach to Processing Temporal Queries	1992	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,130	A Sound and Complete Query Evaluation Algorithm for Relational Databases with Disjunctive Information (Extended Abstract)	1989	PODS	5.093636e-05
13,141	A Family of Incomplete Relational Database Models	1989	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,152	A Sound and Complete Query Evaluation Algorithm for Relational Databases with Null Values	1988	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
13,180	A Database Design for Musical Information	1987	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
13,183	Constructing Database Systems in a Persistent Environment	1987	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,202	An Extended Relational Database System and It's Application to Management of Logic Diagrams	1986	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,206	On Optimizing Summary-Table-By-Example Queries	1985	PODS	5.093636e-05
13,222	An Efficient Implementation of a Relational Data Base	1985	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,231	Using Semiouterjoins to Process Queries in Multidatabase Systems	1984	PODS	5.093636e-05
13,240	A Data Manipulation Model: An Extension of the Alpha Expression	1984	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,243	Processing Read-Only Queries Over Views With Generalization	1984	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,255	A Modularization Mechanism for Conceptual Modeling	1983	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,265	A Territorial Database Management System	1982	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
13,267	An Implementation of Impure Surrogates	1982	VLDB	5.093636e-05
13,269	Introduction to the DIAM Theory of Algebraic Access Graphs	1981	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
13,273	A Generalized Dbms Implementation On A Database Machine	1980	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 0 of 0 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank

Semantically Similar Papers

#	Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue
1	13,260	A Systematic Approach to Relational Database Theory	1982	SIGMOD
2	5,790	Supporting a Semantic Data Model in a Distributed Database System	1983	VLDB
3	181	On Extending the Functions of a Relational Database System	1982	SIGMOD
4	10,117	Semantic Data Modeling, Graph Query, and SQL, Together at Last?	2026	CIDR
5	4,026	Entity Modeling in the MLS Relational Model	1992	VLDB
6	824	The Semantic Data Model: A Modelling Mechanism for Data Base Applications	1978	SIGMOD
7	2,712	Improving Semantic Specification in a Relational Database	1979	SIGMOD
8	7,014	Extending the Relational Algebra to Capture Complex Objects	1989	VLDB
9	14,445	Using Design Axioms and Topology to Model Database Semantics	1987	VLDB
10	589	On The Semantics Of The Relational Data Model	1975	SIGMOD