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Design Continuums and the Path Toward Self-Designing Key-Value Stores that Know and Learn

Summary: Design continuums: a unifying parametric model that represents B+/B‑/LSM/LSH and synthesizes new KV data layouts as views in one design space. Enables near‑instant inference of performance and optimal designs, enabling self‑designing, workload‑adaptive KV stores. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
327
Venue
CIDR
Year
2019
Pagerank
8.4621503e-05
Overall Rank
2,606 | 81.89%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 44 of 44 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,608 Qd-tree: Learning Data Layouts for Big Data Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011169837
2,112 The Log-Structured Merge-Bush & the Wacky Continuum 2019 SIGMOD 9.5244583e-05
2,797 Chucky: A Succinct Cuckoo Filter for LSM-Tree 2021 SIGMOD 8.1116755e-05
3,466 AI Meets Database: AI4DB and DB4AI 2021 SIGMOD 7.0645718e-05
3,545 Rosetta: A Robust Space-Time Optimized Range Filter for Key-Value Stores 2020 SIGMOD 6.9831585e-05
3,797 Constructing and Analyzing the LSM Compaction Design Space 2021 VLDB 6.7552936e-05
3,970 Spooky: Granulating LSM-Tree Compactions Correctly 2022 VLDB 6.5756727e-05
4,227 Cosine: A Cloud-Cost Optimized Self-Designing Key-Value Storage Engine 2022 VLDB 6.3381409e-05
4,404 TreeLine: An Update-In-Place Key-Value Store for Modern Storage 2023 VLDB 6.2052645e-05
4,447 MorphoSys: Automatic Physical Design Metamorphosis for Distributed Database Systems 2020 VLDB 6.1745324e-05
4,448 Stable Learned Bloom Filters for Data Streams 2020 VLDB 6.1741316e-05
4,948 SplinterDB and Maplets: Improving the Tradeoffs in Key-Value Store Compaction Policy 2023 SIGMOD 5.810122e-05
5,289 LearnedSQLGen: Constraint-aware SQL Generation using Reinforcement Learning 2022 SIGMOD 5.5790771e-05
5,310 The Price of Tailoring the Index to Your Data: Poisoning Attacks on Learned Index Structures 2022 SIGMOD 5.5713508e-05
5,313 Key-Value Storage Engines 2020 SIGMOD 5.5711707e-05
5,749 InfiniFilter: Expanding Filters to Infinity and Beyond 2023 SIGMOD 5.3420354e-05
5,787 Machine Learning for Databases 2021 VLDB 5.3256401e-05
5,801 Dissecting, Designing, and Optimizing LSM-based Data Stores 2022 SIGMOD 5.3217858e-05
6,298 Towards instance-optimized data systems 2021 VLDB 5.1182917e-05
6,394 Endure: A Robust Tuning Paradigm for LSM Trees Under Workload Uncertainty 2022 VLDB 5.0770427e-05
6,440 From Auto-tuning One Size Fits All to Self-designed and Learned Data-intensive Systems 2019 SIGMOD 5.0546781e-05
7,341 LSM-Trees and B-Trees: The Best of Both Worlds 2019 SIGMOD 4.7522998e-05
7,623 Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads 2023 SIGMOD 4.6890662e-05
8,011 CAMAL: Optimizing LSM-trees via Active Learning 2024 SIGMOD 4.6022693e-05
8,333 How to Grow an LSM-tree? Towards Bridging the Gap Between Theory and Practice 2025 SIGMOD 4.5390511e-05
8,340 Deep Learning: Systems and Responsibility 2021 SIGMOD 4.5381546e-05
8,408 The next 50 Years in Database Indexing or: The Case for Automatically Generated Index Structures 2022 VLDB 4.5159669e-05
8,426 Time Series Representation for Visualization in Apache IoTDB 2024 SIGMOD 4.5098472e-05
8,524 Aleph Filter: To Infinity in Constant Time 2024 VLDB 4.4893996e-05
8,624 Limousine: Blending Learned and Classical Indexes to Self-Design Larger-than-Memory Cloud Storage Engines 2024 SIGMOD 4.4786127e-05
8,804 ArceKV: Towards Workload-driven LSM-compactions for Key-Value Store Under Dynamic Workloads 2026 VLDB 4.4424232e-05
9,069 Structural Designs Meet Optimality: Exploring Optimized LSM-tree Structures in A Colossal Configuration Space 2024 SIGMOD 4.3983078e-05
9,322 Are Joins over LSM-trees Ready? Take RocksDB as an Example 2025 VLDB 4.351469e-05
9,370 FluidKV: Seamlessly Bridging the Gap between Indexing Performance and Memory-Footprint on Ultra-Fast Storage 2024 VLDB 4.3461752e-05
9,390 Rethinking The Compaction Policies in LSM-trees 2025 SIGMOD 4.341433e-05
9,529 Mnemosyne: Dynamic Workload-Aware BF Tuning via Accurate Statistics in LSM trees 2025 SIGMOD 4.3251912e-05
9,787 The Image Calculator: 10x Faster Image-AI Inference by Replacing JPEG with Self-designing Storage Format 2024 SIGMOD 4.2799988e-05
9,818 Generating Application-Specific Data Layouts for In-memory Databases 2019 VLDB 4.2733415e-05
9,891 DBMS Fitting: Why should we learn what we already know? 2020 CIDR 4.2573619e-05
10,182 Making LSM-Tree-based Key-Value Store Practical and Efficient for Multi-Tenant Serverless Cloud Databases 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,853 AXE: A Task Decomposition Approach to Learned LSM Tuning 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
11,448 Learning Algorithms for Automatic Data Structure Design 2021 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
11,573 From Worst-Case to Average-Case Analysis: Accurate Latency Predictions for Key-Value Storage Engines 2020 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
11,591 Demonstration of Chestnut: An In-memory Data Layout Designer for Database Applications 2020 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 34 of 34 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
101 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00049778866
167 The Snowflake Elastic Data Warehouse 2016 SIGMOD 0.00039408116
183 Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning 2017 SIGMOD 0.00036859633
242 Generalized Search Trees for Database Systems (Extended Abstract) 1995 VLDB 0.00031093647
281 LinkBench: a Database Benchmark Based on the Facebook Social Graph 2013 SIGMOD 0.00029084275
371 Self-Driving Database Management Systems 2017 CIDR 0.00025382677
379 bLSM: A General Purpose Log Structured Merge Tree 2012 SIGMOD 0.00024954332
407 Database Cracking 2007 CIDR 0.00023941779
562 Tree Indexing on Solid State Drives 2010 VLDB 0.00020035385
568 Optimizing Space Amplification in RocksDB 2017 CIDR 0.00019932335
608 Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store 2017 SIGMOD 0.00019233548
796 SageDB: A Learned Database System 2019 CIDR 0.00016541749
892 Faster: A Concurrent Key-Value Store with In-Place Updates 2018 SIGMOD 0.00015522869
1,071 Incremental Organization for Data Recording and Warehousing 1997 VLDB 0.00014265647
1,100 Generic Database Cost Models for Hierarchical Memory Systems 2002 VLDB 0.00014062265
1,113 Cache-Oblivious String B-trees 2006 PODS 0.00013885755
1,169 SuRF: Practical Range Query Filtering with Fast Succinct Tries 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013530267
1,309 Dostoevsky: Better Space-Time Trade-Offs for LSM-Tree Based Key-Value Stores via Adaptive Removal of Superfluous Merging 2018 SIGMOD 0.00012655712
1,368 SlimDB: A Space-Efficient Key-Value Storage Engine For Semi-Sorted Data 2017 VLDB 0.0001235708
1,697 Bridging the Archipelago between Row-Stores and Column-Stores for Hybrid Workloads 2016 SIGMOD 0.00010859294
1,801 H2O: A Hands-free Adaptive Store 2014 SIGMOD 0.00010485628
2,153 The Data Calculator*: Data Structure Design and Cost Synthesis from First Principles and Learned Cost Models 2018 SIGMOD 9.418541e-05
2,361 Merging What’s Cracked, Cracking What’s Merged: Adaptive Indexing in Main-Memory Column-Stores 2011 VLDB 8.9648608e-05
2,367 Here are my Data Files. Here are my Queries. Where are my Results? 2011 CIDR 8.9502761e-05
2,414 Towards a One Size Fits All Database Architecture 2011 CIDR 8.8572378e-05
2,519 Concurrency and Recovery in Generalized Search Trees 1997 SIGMOD 8.6048934e-05
2,528 Pregelix: Big(ger) Graph Analytics on A Dataflow Engine 2015 VLDB 8.5953347e-05
5,367 LogKV: Exploiting Key-Value Stores for Event Log Processing 2013 CIDR 5.5461097e-05
5,395 High-Performance Extensible Indexing 1999 VLDB 5.530641e-05
6,178 A Database System with Amnesia 2017 CIDR 5.1646168e-05
6,708 Just-In-Time Data Structures 2015 CIDR 4.948865e-05
7,467 GeckoFTL: Scalable Flash Translation Techniques For Very Large Flash Devices 2016 SIGMOD 4.7174456e-05
7,648 amdb: An Access Method Debugging Tool 1998 SIGMOD 4.6842082e-05
7,825 Main Memory Adaptive Denormalization 2016 SIGMOD 4.6388245e-05
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