The XXL Search Engine: Ranked Retrieval of XML Data using Indexes and Ontologies

Summary: Introduces XXL, a core language for ranked XML retrieval using regular element-path expressions and content-based search. Adds ~ as a similarity operator for content and element-name matching, enabling ontology- and index-driven ranking. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 3452
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2002
Pagerank: 0.00010517242
Overall Rank: 1,518 | 89.59%
DOI: 10.1145/564691.564768

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Anja Theobald (Saarland University)
2. Gerhard Weikum (Saarland University)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{theobald_sigmod02,
        title = {{The XXL Search Engine: Ranked Retrieval of XML Data using Indexes and Ontologies}},
        author = {Theobald, Anja and Weikum, Gerhard},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '02},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/564691.564768},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/564691.564768},
        year = {2002}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
50	Efficient Query Evaluation on Probabilistic Databases	2004	VLDB	0.00043596705
78	ULDBs: Databases with Uncertainty and Lineage	2006	VLDB	0.00036571789
683	MYSTIQ: A system for finding more answers by using probabilities	2005	SIGMOD	0.00015005338
1,540	Crossing the Structure Chasm	2003	CIDR	0.00010430413
8,882	Measuring the Structural Similarity of Semistructured Documents Using Entropy	2007	VLDB	5.3516704e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 0 of 0 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank

Semantically Similar Papers

#	Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue
1	2,616	FleXPath: Flexible Structure and Full-Text Querying for XML	2004	SIGMOD
2	3,728	Querying Structured Text in an XML Database	2003	SIGMOD
3	2,609	The SphereSearch Engine for Unified Ranked Retrieval of Heterogeneous XML and Web Documents	2005	VLDB
4	341	Indexing and Querying XML Data for Regular Path Expressions	2001	VLDB
5	8,364	XML Full-Text Search: Challenges and Opportunities	2005	VLDB
6	6,150	Flexible and Efficient XML Search with Complex Full-Text Predicates	2006	SIGMOD
7	8,389	A TeXQuery-Based XML Full-Text Search Engine	2004	SIGMOD
8	3,209	An Efficient and Versatile Query Engine for TopX Search	2005	VLDB
9	77	XRANK: Ranked Keyword Search over XML Documents	2003	SIGMOD
10	399	XSEarch: A Semantic Search Engine for XML	2003	VLDB