Colorful XML: One Hierarchy Isn't Enough

Summary: Colorful XML introduces multicolored trees (MCT) to let nodes participate in multiple hierarchies, addressing the depth–normalization tension in XML. It extends XQuery to navigate colors, enables colored-tree restructurings, and demonstrates succinct, efficient MCT queries/updates with a Timber prototype and XML serialization. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 3585
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2004
Pagerank: 6.4919484e-05
Overall Rank: 4,822 | 66.92%
DOI: 10.1145/1007568.1007598

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. H. V. Jagadish (University of Michigan)
2. Laks V. S. Lakshmanan (University of British Columbia)
3. Divesh Srivastava (AT&T)
4. Monica Scannapieco (Sapienza University)
5. Nuwee Wiwatwattana (University of Michigan)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{jagadish_sigmod04,
        title = {{Colorful XML: One Hierarchy Isn't Enough}},
        author = {Jagadish, H. V. and Lakshmanan, Laks V. S. and Srivastava, Divesh and Scannapieco, Monica and Wiwatwattana, Nuwee},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '04},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/1007568.1007598},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1007568.1007598},
        year = {2004}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
9,139	iDM: A Unified and Versatile Data Model for Personal Dataspace Management	2006	VLDB	5.3160527e-05
9,216	Management of Flexible Schema Data in RDBMSs - Opportunities and Limitations for NoSQL	2015	CIDR	5.3051647e-05
12,555	Relational-Style XML Query	2008	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
12,738	A Framework for Processing Complex Document-centric XML with Overlapping Structures	2005	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 12 of 12 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
124	A Query Language and Optimization Techniques for Unstructured Data	1996	SIGMOD	0.00030950263
137	Relational Databases for Querying XML Documents: Limitations and Opportunities	1999	VLDB	0.00029877792
175	Holistic Twig Joins: Optimal XML Pattern Matching	2002	SIGMOD	0.00027226333
300	GraphLog: a Visual Formalism for Real Life Recursion	1990	PODS	0.00022046803
362	Storing and Querying Ordered XML Using a Relational Database System	2002	SIGMOD	0.00020125068
1,050	ToXgene: A template-based data generator for XML	2002	SIGMOD	0.00012414537
1,671	A Normal Form for XML Documents	2002	PODS	0.00010043595
2,772	Updating XML	2001	SIGMOD	8.1398108e-05
3,922	Hy+: A Hygraph-based Query and Visualization System	1993	SIGMOD	7.016223e-05
4,427	What can Hierarchies do for Data Warehouses?	1999	VLDB	6.7095871e-05
5,892	OLAP Dimension Constraints	2002	PODS	6.0488431e-05
6,369	Capturing and Querying Multiple Aspects of Semistructured Data	1999	VLDB	5.8974169e-05

Semantically Similar Papers

#	Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue
1	5,298	Efficient Processing of XML Twig Queries with OR-Predicates	2004	SIGMOD
2	2,694	Holistic Twig Joins on Indexed XML Documents	2003	VLDB
3	13,954	On the Power of Walking for Querying Tree-Structured Data	2002	PODS
4	496	Schema-Free XQuery	2004	VLDB
5	5,772	Pattern tree algebras: sets or sequences?	2005	VLDB
6	9,338	Tree-Pattern Queries on a Lightweight XML Processor	2005	VLDB
7	12,689	Locking-Aware Structural Join Operators for XML Query Processing	2006	SIGMOD
8	12,555	Relational-Style XML Query	2008	SIGMOD
9	3,167	From Tree Patterns to Generalized Tree Patterns: On Efficient Evaluation of XQuery	2003	VLDB
10	3,917	Tree Logical Classes for Efficient Evaluation of XQuery	2004	SIGMOD