Automatic Generation of Normalized Relational Schemas from Nested Key-Value Data

Summary: Automates denormalized, nested key-value data into relational schemas. Schema-gen discovers cross-attribute relations; a matching step merges overlapping entity sets, reducing redundancy and enabling efficient relational analytics on NoSQL data. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 5177
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2016
Pagerank: 6.956076e-05
Overall Rank: 4,014 | 72.47%
DOI: 10.1145/2882903.2882924

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Michael DiScala (Yale University)
2. Daniel J. Abadi (Yale University)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{discala_sigmod16,
        title = {{Automatic Generation of Normalized Relational Schemas from Nested Key-Value Data}},
        author = {DiScala, Michael and Abadi, Daniel J.},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '16},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/2882903.2882924},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2882903.2882924},
        year = {2016}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 9 of 9 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
2,391	Mison: A Fast JSON Parser for Data Analytics	2017	VLDB	8.6413407e-05
4,069	JSON Tiles: Fast Analytics on Semi-Structured Data	2021	SIGMOD	6.9276175e-05
5,803	An LSM-based Tuple Compaction Framework for Apache AsterixDB	2020	VLDB	6.0841986e-05
7,327	Reducing Ambiguity in Json Schema Discovery	2021	SIGMOD	5.6435519e-05
10,003	Adaptive Schema Databases	2017	CIDR	5.1814573e-05
10,781	Synthesizing Third Normal Form Schemata that Minimize Integrity Maintenance and Update Overheads: Parameterizing 3NF by the Numbers of Minimal Keys and Functional Dependencies	2025	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
11,356	Zed: Leveraging Data Types to Process Eclectic Data	2023	CIDR	5.093636e-05
11,393	dsJSON: A Distributed SQL JSON Processor	2023	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
11,885	Integration of Large-Scale Data Processing Systems and Traditional Parallel Database Technology	2019	VLDB	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 6 of 6 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
137	Relational Databases for Querying XML Documents: Limitations and Opportunities	1999	VLDB	0.00029877792
159	CORDS: Automatic Discovery of Correlations and Soft Functional Dependencies	2004	SIGMOD	0.00028129426
318	Storing Semistructured Data with STORED	1999	SIGMOD	0.00021380325
1,142	XTRACT: A System for Extracting Document Type Descriptors from XML Documents	2000	SIGMOD	0.00012002609
1,738	Sinew: A SQL System for Multi-Structured Data	2014	SIGMOD	9.8823494e-05
5,032	ShreX: Managing XML Documents in Relational Databases	2004	VLDB	6.3947542e-05

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1	5,690	Normalizing Property Graphs	2023	VLDB
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4	6,569	The Partial Normalized Storage Model of Nested Relations	1988	VLDB
5	4,069	JSON Tiles: Fast Analytics on Semi-Structured Data	2021	SIGMOD
6	3,456	Automatic Discovery of Attributes in Relational Databases	2011	SIGMOD
7	1,056	A Normal Form for Nested Relations	1985	PODS
8	10,995	Towards Principled, Practical Document Database Design	2025	VLDB
9	2,785	Nested Mappings: Schema Mapping Reloaded	2006	VLDB
10	6,516	The Design of non-1NF Relational Databases into Nested Normal Form	1987	SIGMOD