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Impossibility of Distributed Consensus with One Faulty Process

Summary: Shows that in a fully asynchronous system, no deterministic protocol can guarantee termination for binary consensus if even one process may fail (possibility of nontermination). Establishes the FLP impossibility separating asynchronous from synchronous/Byzantine solutions. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
640
Venue
PODS
Year
1983
Pagerank
0.00025045997
Overall Rank
378 | 97.38%
DOI
-

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 31 of 31 citing papers.

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1,380 CAPER: A Cross-Application Permissioned Blockchain 2019 VLDB 0.00012273245
1,578 PaxosStore: High-availability Storage Made Practical in WeChat 2017 VLDB 0.00011275654
2,131 ResilientDB: Global Scale Resilient Blockchain Fabric 2020 VLDB 9.4750174e-05
2,444 A Recovery Algorithm for a Distributed Database System 1983 PODS 8.8014845e-05
3,218 Database Replication: a Tale of Research across Communities 2010 VLDB 7.366179e-05
3,487 Building High Throughput Permissioned Blockchain Fabrics: Challenges and Opportunities 2020 VLDB 7.0466499e-05
3,555 SharPer: Sharding Permissioned Blockchains Over Network Clusters 2021 SIGMOD 6.9719511e-05
3,726 Database and Distributed Computing Foundations of Blockchains 2019 SIGMOD 6.8107915e-05
4,712 PigPaxos: Devouring the Communication Bottlenecks in Distributed Consensus 2021 SIGMOD 5.9701463e-05
5,422 FireLedger: A High Throughput Blockchain Consensus Protocol 2020 VLDB 5.5147903e-05
5,718 Lineage-driven Fault Injection 2015 SIGMOD 5.3552421e-05
5,894 Unifying Consensus and Atomic Commitment for Effective Cloud Data Management 2019 VLDB 5.282229e-05
6,101 Blockchains vs. Distributed Databases: Dichotomy and Fusion 2021 SIGMOD 5.206206e-05
6,908 Qanaat: A Scalable Multi-Enterprise Permissioned Blockchain System with Confidentiality Guarantees 2022 VLDB 4.8878659e-05
7,575 How Fast can a Distributed Transaction Commit? 2017 PODS 4.7033825e-05
8,093 LEGOStore: A Linearizable Geo-Distributed Store Combining Replication and Erasure Coding 2022 VLDB 4.5841892e-05
8,143 Scalar DL: Scalable and Practical Byzantine Fault Detection for Transactional Database Systems 2022 VLDB 4.5724134e-05
8,144 Scalable Byzantine Fault Tolerance via Partial Decentralization 2022 VLDB 4.5724134e-05
8,519 The LAW theorem: Local Reads and Linearizable Asynchronous Replication 2025 VLDB 4.4893996e-05
9,037 Rashnu: Data-Dependent Order-Fairness 2024 VLDB 4.3997447e-05
10,045 Adaptive Sharding in Untrusted Environments 2026 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,568 FLEET: High-Performance Durable Replicated State Machines using Scattered and Coordinated Log Entries 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,605 Optimal Sharding for Scalable Blockchains with Deconstructed SMR 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,626 HoliPaxos: Towards More Predictable Performance in State Machine Replication 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
11,317 Decoupled Transactions: Low Tail Latency Online Transactions Atop Jittery Servers 2022 CIDR 4.1905499e-05
11,502 Achieving High Throughput and Elasticity in a Larger-than-Memory Store 2021 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
11,632 A Drop-in Middleware for Serializable DB Clustering across Geo-distributed Sites 2020 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
11,753 Database and Distributed Computing Fundamentals for Scalable, Fault-tolerant, and Consistent Maintenance of Blockchains 2018 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
12,973 Commitment In A Partitioned Distributed Database 1988 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
12,987 Transaction Commitment At Minimal Communication Cost 1987 PODS 4.1905499e-05
13,040 Is Byzantine Agreement Useful In A Distributed Database? 1984 PODS 4.1905499e-05
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Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

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