GORDIAN: Efficient and Scalable Discovery of Composite Keys

Summary: GORDIAN enables scalable, exact discovery of composite keys for modeling and indexing. Avoids brute-force searches; efficient on big data, supports key-column groups and XML leaf-nodes, enabling sampling for high-quality approximate keys. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 9484
Venue: VLDB
Year: 2006
Pagerank: 8.5553153e-05
Overall Rank: 2,551 | 82.28%
DOI: -

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 12 of 12 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
1,661	On Multi-Column Foreign Key Discovery	2010	VLDB	0.00010967185
2,082	Efficient Discovery of Approximate Dependencies	2018	VLDB	9.5875364e-05
2,258	Efficient Denial Constraint Discovery with Hydra	2018	VLDB	9.1804145e-05
3,429	Discovering Topical Structures of Databases	2008	SIGMOD	7.0996766e-05
4,502	Possible and Certain SQL Keys	2015	VLDB	6.1322784e-05
4,680	Scalable Discovery of Unique Column Combinations	2014	VLDB	5.9964535e-05
7,361	Discovery Algorithms for Embedded Functional Dependencies	2020	SIGMOD	4.7469673e-05
8,087	Discovery and Ranking of Embedded Uniqueness Constraints	2019	VLDB	4.5858215e-05
8,551	Search Driven Analysis of Heterogeneous XML Data	2009	CIDR	4.4893996e-05
8,851	Hitting Set Enumeration with Partial Information for Unique Column Combination Discovery	2020	VLDB	4.4322123e-05
11,027	SplitDF: Splitting Dataframes for Memory-Efficient Data Analysis	2024	VLDB	4.1905499e-05
13,615	Information Discovery in Loosely Integrated Data	2007	SIGMOD	-

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 15 of 15 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
181	LEO - DB2's LEarning Optimizer	2001	VLDB	0.00036970794
223	Wavelet-Based Histograms for Selectivity Estimation	1998	SIGMOD	0.00032829841
325	The History of Histograms (abridged)	2003	VLDB	0.00027398081
373	Selectivity Estimation using Probabilistic Models	2001	SIGMOD	0.00025354685
481	Mining Database Structure; Or, How to Build a Data Quality Browser	2002	SIGMOD	0.000221538
512	STHoles: A Multidimensional Workload-Aware Histogram	2001	SIGMOD	0.00021385343
602	Mining Quantitative Association Rules in Large Relational Tables	1996	SIGMOD	0.00019350521
786	Exploiting Statistics on Query Expressions for Optimization	2002	SIGMOD	0.00016624743
838	Independence is Good: Dependency-Based Histogram Synopses for High-Dimensional Data	2001	SIGMOD	0.00016024923
841	Self-tuning Database Technology and Information Services: from Wishful Thinking to Viable Engineering	2002	VLDB	0.00015987128
1,976	BHUNT: Automatic Discovery of Fuzzy Algebraic Constraints in Relational Data	2003	VLDB	9.8784644e-05
2,665	Dwarf: Shrinking the PetaCube	2002	SIGMOD	8.3505169e-05
5,019	Automated Statistics Collection in DB2 UDB	2004	VLDB	5.7492033e-05
7,077	The Polynomial Complexity of Fully Materialized Coalesced Cubes	2004	VLDB	4.8367109e-05
7,655	CORDS: Automatic Generation of Correlation Statistics in DB2	2004	VLDB	4.6830102e-05

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