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Functional Dependency Discovery: An Experimental Evaluation of Seven Algorithms

Summary: Comprehensive experimental comparison of seven prominent functional-dependency discovery algorithms, including a unifying taxonomy and clarified implementations. Broad synthetic/real-data evaluation reveals strong data-dependent tradeoffs, poor overall scalability, and guidance for algorithm selection. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
hb4be4e8b1ecf5e4f
Venue
VLDB
Year
2015
Pagerank
0.00014443394
Overall Rank
727 | 95.12%
DOI
10.14778/2794367.2794377

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{papenbrock_vldb15,
        title = {{Functional Dependency Discovery: An Experimental Evaluation of Seven Algorithms}},
        author = {Papenbrock, Thorsten and Ehrlich, Jens and Marten, Jannik and Neubert, Tommy and Rudolph, Jan-Peer and Schönberg, Martin and Zwiener, Jakob and Naumann, Felix},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '15},
        volume = {8},
        number = {10},
        pages = {1082--1093},
        doi = {10.14778/2794367.2794377},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/2794367.2794377},
        year = {2015}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 46 of 46 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
603 A Hybrid Approach to Functional Dependency Discovery 2016 SIGMOD 0.00015699254
1,395 Data Profiling with Metanome 2015 VLDB 0.00010794808
1,488 Efficient Discovery of Approximate Dependencies 2018 VLDB 0.00010517437
1,619 Efficient Denial Constraint Discovery with Hydra 2018 VLDB 0.00010055625
1,971 Discovery of Approximate (and Exact) Denial Constraints 2020 VLDB 9.2873596e-05
2,125 Discovery of Genuine Functional Dependencies from Relational Data with Missing Values 2018 VLDB 9.0033119e-05
2,238 Designing Succinct Secondary Indexing Mechanism by Exploiting Column Correlations 2019 SIGMOD 8.7751619e-05
2,326 SliceLine: Fast, Linear-Algebra-based Slice Finding for ML Model Debugging 2021 SIGMOD 8.6309237e-05
2,443 Approximate Denial Constraints 2020 VLDB 8.4586656e-05
3,131 Every Row Counts: Combining Sketches and Sampling for Accurate Group-By Result Estimates 2019 CIDR 7.6141006e-05
3,193 A Statistical Perspective on Discovering Functional Dependencies in Noisy Data 2020 SIGMOD 7.5505481e-05
3,263 Automatic Data Repair: Are We Ready to Deploy? 2024 VLDB 7.4809771e-05
3,353 MT-Teql: Evaluating and Augmenting Neural NLIDB on Real-world Linguistic and Schema Variations 2022 VLDB 7.3901226e-05
3,422 UGuide – User-Guided Discovery of FD-Detectable Errors 2017 SIGMOD 7.3138834e-05
4,235 Auto-Pipeline: Synthesizing Complex Data Pipelines By-Target Using Reinforcement Learning and Search 2021 VLDB 6.713221e-05
4,465 Effective and Complete Discovery of Order Dependencies via Set-based Axiomatization 2017 VLDB 6.5873563e-05
4,739 Going Beyond Provenance: Explaining Query Answers with Pattern-based Counterbalances 2019 SIGMOD 6.4441962e-05
4,843 Pattern Functional Dependencies for Data Cleaning 2020 VLDB 6.3839159e-05
5,097 Explaining Dataset Changes for Semantic Data Versioning with Explain-Da-V 2023 VLDB 6.2742361e-05
5,130 Distributed implementations of dependency discovery algorithms 2019 VLDB 6.2603084e-05
5,388 Explaining Repaired Data with CFDs 2018 VLDB 6.151535e-05
5,643 Self-supervised and Interpretable Data Cleaning with Sequence Generative Adversarial Networks 2023 VLDB 6.0538129e-05
5,798 Normalizing Property Graphs 2023 VLDB 5.9905343e-05
6,921 CtxPipe: Context-aware Data Preparation Pipeline Construction for Machine Learning 2024 SIGMOD 5.6432616e-05
7,183 DataPrism: Exposing Disconnect between Data and Systems 2022 SIGMOD 5.5917354e-05
7,226 Certus: An Effective Entity Resolution Approach with Graph Differential Dependencies (GDDs) 2019 VLDB 5.5810344e-05
7,287 Discovery Algorithms for Embedded Functional Dependencies 2020 SIGMOD 5.5658087e-05
7,342 Discovering Association Rules from Big Graphs 2022 VLDB 5.5480127e-05
7,505 Conformance Constraint Discovery: Measuring Trust in Data-Driven Systems 2021 SIGMOD 5.5074181e-05
7,880 Identifying Insufficient Data Coverage in Databases with Multiple Relations 2020 VLDB 5.43413e-05
7,912 CoCo: Interactive Exploration of Conformance Constraints for Data Understanding and Data Cleaning 2021 SIGMOD 5.4279818e-05
8,263 Discovery and Ranking of Embedded Uniqueness Constraints 2019 VLDB 5.3657304e-05
9,608 Discovering Top-k Rules using Subjective and Objective Criteria 2023 SIGMOD 5.1527671e-05
9,958 Discovering Functional Dependencies through Hitting Set Enumeration 2024 SIGMOD 5.1038322e-05
9,967 Logical Schema Design that Quantifies Update Inefficiency and Join Efficiency 2021 SIGMOD 5.1038322e-05
10,106 Efficient Differential Dependency Discovery 2024 VLDB 5.0789354e-05
10,186 Discovering Top-k Relevant and Diversified Rules 2024 SIGMOD 5.0651993e-05
10,439 Discovery of Denial Constraints with Hardware Acceleration 2026 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
10,526 Guardrail: Automated Integrity Constraint Synthesis From Noisy Data 2026 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
10,794 Storage-Centric Relation Design via High-Quality Approximate Functional Dependencies 2026 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,254 Efficient Discovery of Relaxed Functional Dependencies 2025 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,385 FDepHunter: Harnessing Negative Examples to Expose Fakes and Reveal Ghosts 2025 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,550 Capturing More Associations by Referencing External Graphs 2024 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,558 Mixed Covers of Keys and Functional Dependencies for Maintaining the Integrity of Data under Updates 2024 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,570 SplitDF: Splitting Dataframes for Memory-Efficient Data Analysis 2024 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,706 Regularized Pairwise Relationship based Analytics for Structured Data 2023 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 2 of 2 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
160 CORDS: Automatic Discovery of Correlations and Soft Functional Dependencies 2004 SIGMOD 0.00027837289
1,223 Partition Semantics for Relations 1985 PODS 0.00011452588
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