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Can We Use The Universal Instance Assumption Without Using Nulls?

Summary: Universal-instance approach without nulls; representative instance remains valid even when relations aren't projections of a single universal instance. Under a modified foreign-key constraint, projections of the representative are obtainable by a union of lossless joins; identifies a no-constraint schema class and gives practical computation for it. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hb52d3e5c9b9f45b5
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
1981
Pagerank
0.00022229787
Overall Rank
284 | 98.10%
DOI
10.1145/582318.582336

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{sagiv_sigmod81,
        title = {{CAN WE USE THE UNIVERSAL INSTANCE ASSUMPTION WITHOUT USING NULLS?}},
        author = {Sagiv, Yehoshua},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '81},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/582318.582336},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/582318.582336},
        year = {1981}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 32 of 32 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
778 Independent Database Schemas (Extended Abstract) 1982 PODS 0.00014050921
1,140 The U. R. Strikes Back 1982 PODS 0.0001182048
1,459 On Computing Restricted Projections of Representative Instances 1985 PODS 0.00010559266
1,563 Assumptions in Relational Database Theory 1982 PODS 0.00010188833
2,359 Windows On The World 1983 SIGMOD 8.5695356e-05
3,607 Functional Dependencies on Cyclic Database Schemes 1983 SIGMOD 7.151189e-05
3,743 A Universal Relation Database System Implemented Via the Network Model 1982 PODS 7.0379772e-05
3,987 Inclusion Dependencies and the Universal Instance 1983 PODS 6.8641905e-05
4,060 Specifying Connections for a Universal Relation Scheme Database 1982 SIGMOD 6.8133255e-05
4,718 Updating a Relational Database through a Universal Schema Interface 1985 PODS 6.4387727e-05
4,768 Characterization of Well-Behaved Database Schemata and Their Update Semantics 1983 VLDB 6.4137008e-05
4,774 On The Complexity And Axiomatizability Of Consistent Database States 1984 PODS 6.4094211e-05
4,987 Notions of Dependency Satisfaction 1982 PODS 6.3133289e-05
5,178 Universal Relation Views: A Pragmatic Approach 1983 VLDB 6.2265334e-05
5,504 Constant Time Maintenance or The Triumph of the fd. 1986 PODS 6.0899416e-05
6,299 Independent and Separable Database Schemes 1983 PODS 5.8022241e-05
7,301 Optimal Computation of Total Projections with Unions of Simple Chase Join Expressions 1984 SIGMOD 5.5461529e-05
8,489 Independence-reducible Database Schemes 1988 PODS 5.3148581e-05
8,490 A Characterization of Constant-time-maintainability for BCNF Database Schemes 1988 SIGMOD 5.3148581e-05
9,172 Designing Globally Consistent Network Schemas 1983 SIGMOD 5.2011983e-05
9,470 Querying Weak Instances 1984 PODS 5.1586111e-05
9,471 The Revenge Of The Jd 1983 PODS 5.1586111e-05
13,457 Polynomial Time Designs toward Both BCNF and Efficient Data Manipulation 1990 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
13,458 Efficient Updates to Independent Schemes in the Weak Instance Model 1990 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
13,471 Can Constant-time Maintainability Be More Practical? 1989 PODS 4.9605343e-05
13,508 On Designing Database Schemes Bounded or Constant-time-maintainable with respect to Functional Dependencies 1987 PODS 4.9605343e-05
13,510 A New Basis for the Weak Instance Model 1987 PODS 4.9605343e-05
13,521 Independent Database Schemes Under Functional and Inclusion Dependencies 1987 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,530 On the Properties and Characterisation of Connection-trap-free Schemes (Extended Abstract) 1986 PODS 4.9605343e-05
13,545 Relaxing the Universal Relation Scheme Assumption 1985 PODS 4.9605343e-05
13,556 A High-Level User Interface for Update and Retrieval in Relational Databases - Language Aspects 1985 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
13,585 Inverting Relational Expressions - A Uniform And Natural Technique For Various Database Problems 1983 PODS 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 6 of 6 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10 Extending the Data Base Relational Model to Capture More Meaning 1979 SIGMOD 0.00075677079
41 Testing Implications Of Data Dependencies 1979 SIGMOD 0.00045733094
104 Efficient Optimization of a Class of Relational Expressions 1978 SIGMOD 0.00033799916
510 A Complete Axiomatization For Functional And Multivalued Dependencies In Database Relations 1977 SIGMOD 0.00017080094
552 Synthesizing Independent Database Schemas 1979 SIGMOD 0.00016501772
780 Design Of Relational Views Over Network Schemas 1979 SIGMOD 0.0001403839
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# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
1 9,471 The Revenge Of The Jd 1983 PODS
2 4,718 Updating a Relational Database through a Universal Schema Interface 1985 PODS
3 3,743 A Universal Relation Database System Implemented Via the Network Model 1982 PODS
4 1,563 Assumptions in Relational Database Theory 1982 PODS
5 7,301 Optimal Computation of Total Projections with Unions of Simple Chase Join Expressions 1984 SIGMOD
6 13,545 Relaxing the Universal Relation Scheme Assumption 1985 PODS
7 1,459 On Computing Restricted Projections of Representative Instances 1985 PODS
8 3,628 Efficient Query Answering in the Representative Instance Approach 1985 PODS
9 13,570 On Lossless Transformation of Database Schemes Not Necessarily Satisfying Universal Instance Assumption (preliminary version) 1984 PODS
10 9,470 Querying Weak Instances 1984 PODS