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Can We Use The Universal Instance Assumption Without Using Nulls?

Summary: Universal-instance approach without nulls; representative instance remains valid even when relations aren't projections of a single universal instance. Under a modified foreign-key constraint, projections of the representative are obtainable by a union of lossless joins; identifies a no-constraint schema class and gives practical computation for it. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hb52d3e5c9b9f45b5
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
1981
Pagerank
0.00022313978
Overall Rank
278 | 98.14%
DOI
10.1145/582318.582336

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{sagiv_sigmod81,
        title = {{CAN WE USE THE UNIVERSAL INSTANCE ASSUMPTION WITHOUT USING NULLS?}},
        author = {Sagiv, Yehoshua},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '81},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/582318.582336},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/582318.582336},
        year = {1981}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 32 of 32 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
769 Independent Database Schemas (Extended Abstract) 1982 PODS 0.00014104125
1,138 The U. R. Strikes Back 1982 PODS 0.00011865234
1,455 On Computing Restricted Projections of Representative Instances 1985 PODS 0.00010599099
1,562 Assumptions in Relational Database Theory 1982 PODS 0.00010227324
2,346 Windows On The World 1983 SIGMOD 8.6020356e-05
3,598 Functional Dependencies on Cyclic Database Schemes 1983 SIGMOD 7.1782813e-05
3,733 A Universal Relation Database System Implemented Via the Network Model 1982 PODS 7.0646557e-05
3,968 Inclusion Dependencies and the Universal Instance 1983 PODS 6.8901775e-05
4,035 Specifying Connections for a Universal Relation Scheme Database 1982 SIGMOD 6.8390986e-05
4,701 Updating a Relational Database through a Universal Schema Interface 1985 PODS 6.463178e-05
4,746 Characterization of Well-Behaved Database Schemata and Their Update Semantics 1983 VLDB 6.4379604e-05
4,753 On The Complexity And Axiomatizability Of Consistent Database States 1984 PODS 6.4336287e-05
4,964 Notions of Dependency Satisfaction 1982 PODS 6.337274e-05
5,156 Universal Relation Views: A Pragmatic Approach 1983 VLDB 6.2501481e-05
5,480 Constant Time Maintenance or The Triumph of the fd. 1986 PODS 6.1130394e-05
6,281 Independent and Separable Database Schemes 1983 PODS 5.8238839e-05
7,279 Optimal Computation of Total Projections with Unions of Simple Chase Join Expressions 1984 SIGMOD 5.5671882e-05
8,465 Independence-reducible Database Schemes 1988 PODS 5.3350162e-05
8,466 A Characterization of Constant-time-maintainability for BCNF Database Schemes 1988 SIGMOD 5.3350162e-05
9,141 Designing Globally Consistent Network Schemas 1983 SIGMOD 5.2209105e-05
9,433 Querying Weak Instances 1984 PODS 5.1781766e-05
9,434 The Revenge Of The Jd 1983 PODS 5.1781766e-05
13,410 Polynomial Time Designs toward Both BCNF and Efficient Data Manipulation 1990 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
13,411 Efficient Updates to Independent Schemes in the Weak Instance Model 1990 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
13,424 Can Constant-time Maintainability Be More Practical? 1989 PODS 4.9793485e-05
13,461 On Designing Database Schemes Bounded or Constant-time-maintainable with respect to Functional Dependencies 1987 PODS 4.9793485e-05
13,463 A New Basis for the Weak Instance Model 1987 PODS 4.9793485e-05
13,474 Independent Database Schemes Under Functional and Inclusion Dependencies 1987 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
13,483 On the Properties and Characterisation of Connection-trap-free Schemes (Extended Abstract) 1986 PODS 4.9793485e-05
13,498 Relaxing the Universal Relation Scheme Assumption 1985 PODS 4.9793485e-05
13,509 A High-Level User Interface for Update and Retrieval in Relational Databases - Language Aspects 1985 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
13,538 Inverting Relational Expressions - A Uniform And Natural Technique For Various Database Problems 1983 PODS 4.9793485e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 6 of 6 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10 Extending the Data Base Relational Model to Capture More Meaning 1979 SIGMOD 0.00075944947
41 Testing Implications Of Data Dependencies 1979 SIGMOD 0.00045899672
102 Efficient Optimization of a Class of Relational Expressions 1978 SIGMOD 0.00033914384
506 A Complete Axiomatization For Functional And Multivalued Dependencies In Database Relations 1977 SIGMOD 0.00017142422
550 Synthesizing Independent Database Schemas 1979 SIGMOD 0.00016559635
770 Design Of Relational Views Over Network Schemas 1979 SIGMOD 0.00014089633
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# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
1 9,434 The Revenge Of The Jd 1983 PODS
2 4,701 Updating a Relational Database through a Universal Schema Interface 1985 PODS
3 3,733 A Universal Relation Database System Implemented Via the Network Model 1982 PODS
4 1,562 Assumptions in Relational Database Theory 1982 PODS
5 7,279 Optimal Computation of Total Projections with Unions of Simple Chase Join Expressions 1984 SIGMOD
6 13,498 Relaxing the Universal Relation Scheme Assumption 1985 PODS
7 1,455 On Computing Restricted Projections of Representative Instances 1985 PODS
8 3,619 Efficient Query Answering in the Representative Instance Approach 1985 PODS
9 13,523 On Lossless Transformation of Database Schemes Not Necessarily Satisfying Universal Instance Assumption (preliminary version) 1984 PODS
10 9,433 Querying Weak Instances 1984 PODS