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Joins on Samples: A Theoretical Guide for Practitioners

Summary: Provides a theoretical guide to sample-based join AQP, separating output cardinality from estimator variance and proving variance lower bounds. A hybrid stratified/universe/Bernoulli scheme is constant-factor optimal, with a decentralized implementation for distributed systems. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
12443
Venue
VLDB
Year
2020
Pagerank
6.1025457e-05
Overall Rank
5,743 | 60.60%
DOI
10.14778/3372716.3372726

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{huang_vldb20,
        title = {{Joins on Samples: A Theoretical Guide for Practitioners}},
        author = {Huang, Dawei and Yoon, Dong Young and Pettie, Seth and Mozafari, Barzan},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '20},
        volume = {13},
        number = {4},
        pages = {547--560},
        doi = {10.14778/3372716.3372726},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3372716.3372726},
        year = {2020}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 9 of 9 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
3,035 Instance-Optimized Data Layouts for Cloud Analytics Workloads 2021 SIGMOD 7.8297746e-05
3,086 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 7.7708642e-05
3,228 Correlation Sketches for Approximate Join-Correlation Queries 2021 SIGMOD 7.6215176e-05
5,300 Towards Distribution-aware Query Answering in Data Markets 2022 VLDB 6.2751506e-05
8,204 PilotDB: Database-Agnostic Online Approximate Query Processing with A Priori Error Guarantees 2025 SIGMOD 5.4667903e-05
8,608 One Size Does Not Fit All: A Bandit-Based Sampler Combination Framework with Theoretical Guarantees 2022 SIGMOD 5.4024561e-05
9,245 Towards Observability for Production Machine Learning Pipelines 2022 VLDB 5.2992628e-05
10,186 Accelerating Approximate Analytical Join Queries over Unstructured Data with Statistical Guarantees 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
11,194 Enabling Adaptive Sampling for Intra-Window Join: Simultaneously Optimizing Quantity and Quality 2024 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 37 of 37 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
9 Online Aggregation 1997 SIGMOD 0.00077458002
54 On Random Sampling over Joins 1999 SIGMOD 0.00040810225
84 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035838391
131 Ripple Joins for Online Aggregation 1999 SIGMOD 0.00030424509
136 Join Synopses for Approximate Query Answering 1999 SIGMOD 0.00030123303
593 Wander Join: Online Aggregation via Random Walks 2016 SIGMOD 0.00016027871
694 Cardinality Estimation Done Right: Index-Based Join Sampling 2017 CIDR 0.00014911698
737 Join Size Estimation Subject to Filter Conditions 2015 VLDB 0.00014490983
772 VerdictDB: Universalizing Approximate Query Processing 2018 SIGMOD 0.00014147905
802 Random Sampling over Joins Revisited 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013907725
817 Processing Complex Aggregate Queries over Data Streams 2002 SIGMOD 0.00013823702
819 Quickr: Lazily Approximating Complex AdHoc Queries in BigData Clusters 2016 SIGMOD 0.00013815639
909 Dynamic Sample Selection for Approximate Query Processing 2003 SIGMOD 0.00013291205
931 Aqua: A Fast Decision Support System Using Approximate Query Answers 1999 VLDB 0.00013125812
1,009 Online Aggregation for Large MapReduce Jobs 2011 VLDB 0.00012684342
1,166 ICICLES: Self-tuning Samples for Approximate Query Answering 2000 VLDB 0.00011850439
1,170 QuickSel: Quick Selectivity Learning with Mixture Models 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011827259
1,227 Blink and It's Done: Interactive Queries on Very Large Data 2012 VLDB 0.00011582387
1,256 Sampling-Based Query Re-Optimization 2016 SIGMOD 0.00011457194
1,401 Knowing When You’re Wrong: Building Fast and Reliable Approximate Query Processing Systems 2014 SIGMOD 0.00010889902
1,664 Two-Level Sampling for Join Size Estimation 2017 SIGMOD 0.00010070362
1,785 A Scalable Hash Ripple Join Algorithm 2002 SIGMOD 9.7702627e-05
1,806 Effective Use of Block-Level Sampling in Statistics Estimation 2004 SIGMOD 9.7112151e-05
1,872 The Analytical Bootstrap: a New Method for Fast Error Estimation in Approximate Query Processing 2014 SIGMOD 9.5759874e-05
1,995 Database Learning: Toward a Database that Becomes Smarter Every Time 2017 SIGMOD 9.3403665e-05
2,050 Vizdom: Interactive Analytics through Pen and Touch 2015 VLDB 9.2546631e-05
2,308 Hashed Samples: Selectivity Estimators For Set Similarity Selection Queries 2008 VLDB 8.7738996e-05
2,868 SnappyData: A Unified Cluster for Streaming, Transactions, and Interactive Analytics 2017 CIDR 8.0156936e-05
3,042 Continuous Sampling for Online Aggregation Over Multiple Queries 2010 SIGMOD 7.8231049e-05
3,080 Distributed Lock Management with RDMA: Decentralization without Starvation 2018 SIGMOD 7.7746739e-05
3,157 Turbo-Charging Estimate Convergence in DBO 2009 VLDB 7.6911286e-05
3,288 I've Seen "Enough": Incrementally Improving Visualizations to Support Rapid Decision Making 2017 VLDB 7.5578177e-05
3,795 Is Min-Wise Hashing Optimal for Summarizing Set Intersection? 2014 PODS 7.1200458e-05
3,803 A Bi-Level Bernoulli Scheme for Database Sampling 2004 SIGMOD 7.1114677e-05
4,138 A Disk-Based Join With Probabilistic Guarantees* 2005 SIGMOD 6.8779166e-05
5,222 CliffGuard: A Principled Framework for Finding Robust Database Designs 2015 SIGMOD 6.3103741e-05
5,906 Approximate Query Engines: Commercial Challenges and Research Opportunities 2017 SIGMOD 6.0457047e-05
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