Optimizing Queries Using Materialized Views: A Practical, Scalable Solution

Summary: Fast, scalable algorithm to decide when a query can use materialized views (selections, joins, final group-by), integrated into transformation-based optimizers. Fully cost-based, it generates multiple rewrites and picks the best; SQL Server experiments show strong performance and scalability. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 3342
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2001
Pagerank: 0.00016528822
Overall Rank: 559 | 96.17%
DOI: 10.1145/375663.375706

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Jonathan Goldstein (Microsoft)
2. Per-Åke Larson (Microsoft)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{goldstein_sigmod01,
        title = {{Optimizing Queries Using Materialized Views: A Practical, Scalable Solution}},
        author = {Goldstein, Jonathan and Larson, Per-Åke},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '01},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/375663.375706},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/375663.375706},
        year = {2001}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 51 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
445	Apache Calcite: A Foundational Framework for Optimized Query Processing Over Heterogeneous Data Sources	2018	SIGMOD	0.00018336751
552	Extending Query Rewriting Techniques for Fine-Grained Access Control	2004	SIGMOD	0.00016630306
664	Exploiting Statistics on Query Expressions for Optimization	2002	SIGMOD	0.00015167825
993	Simulation of Database-Valued Markov Chains Using SimSQL	2013	SIGMOD	0.00012789598
1,154	Efficient Exploitation of Similar Subexpressions for Query Processing	2007	SIGMOD	0.00011934202
1,750	Lazy Maintenance of Materialized Views	2007	VLDB	9.8392477e-05
2,151	An Architecture for Recycling Intermediates in a Column-store	2009	SIGMOD	9.0784444e-05
2,169	Data Integration: After the Teenage Years	2017	PODS	9.0436759e-05
2,658	A Framework for Using Materialized XPath Views in XML Query Processing	2004	VLDB	8.287535e-05
2,686	On Improving User Response Times in Tableau	2015	SIGMOD	8.25822e-05
2,770	Relaxed Currency and Consistency: How to Say "Good Enough" in SQL	2004	SIGMOD	8.1458395e-05
2,936	Materialized Views in Probabilistic Databases: For Information Exchange and Query Optimization	2007	VLDB	7.9437689e-05
3,093	Statistics on Views	2003	VLDB	7.7664764e-05
3,305	Cache Tables: Paving the Way for an Adaptive Database Cache	2003	VLDB	7.5402501e-05
3,309	Conditional Selectivity for Statistics on Query Expressions	2004	SIGMOD	7.5368417e-05
3,392	Complete Yet Practical Search for Minimal Query Reformulations Under Constraints	2014	SIGMOD	7.4515019e-05
3,555	Apache Hive: From MapReduce to Enterprise-grade Big Data Warehousing	2019	SIGMOD	7.3115321e-05
3,569	Caching with "Good Enough" Currency, Consistency, and Completeness	2005	VLDB	7.3011823e-05
4,101	Automated Generation of Materialized Views in Oracle	2020	VLDB	6.9009734e-05
4,896	User-Defined Aggregate Functions: Bridging Theory and Practice	2006	SIGMOD	6.4548696e-05
5,348	Crystal: A Unified Cache Storage System for Analytical Databases	2021	VLDB	6.2562688e-05
5,558	HMAB: Self-Driving Hierarchy of Bandits for Integrated Physical Database Design Tuning	2023	VLDB	6.1749098e-05
5,704	Optimizing Data Pipelines for Machine Learning in Feature Stores	2023	VLDB	6.1146371e-05
5,720	Opportunistic Physical Design for Big Data Analytics	2014	SIGMOD	6.1092082e-05
5,947	Revisiting Reuse in Main Memory Database Systems	2017	SIGMOD	6.0323707e-05
6,026	Parallelizing Extensible Query Optimizers	2009	SIGMOD	6.0024042e-05
6,084	Efficient Detection of Empty-Result Queries	2006	VLDB	5.9830699e-05
6,256	View Matching for Outer-Join Views	2005	VLDB	5.9398047e-05
6,400	Moirae: History-Enhanced Monitoring	2007	CIDR	5.8864351e-05
6,671	Stacked Indexed Views in Microsoft SQL Server	2005	SIGMOD	5.807209e-05
7,035	Optimizing Recursive Queries with Program Synthesis	2022	SIGMOD	5.7216112e-05
7,121	Query Evaluation using Overlapping Views: Completeness and Efficiency	2006	SIGMOD	5.6969248e-05
7,258	Compliant Geo-distributed Query Processing	2021	SIGMOD	5.6614636e-05
7,300	DEX: Query Execution in a Delta-based Storage System	2017	SIGMOD	5.6509215e-05
7,655	Plan Stitch: Harnessing the Best of Many Plans	2018	VLDB	5.5741093e-05
7,673	ROBUS: Fair Cache Allocation for Data-parallel Workloads	2017	SIGMOD	5.5705944e-05
7,915	Krypton: Real-time Serving and Analytical SQL Engine at ByteDance	2023	VLDB	5.5181056e-05
8,323	SageDB: An Instance-Optimized Data Analytics System	2022	VLDB	5.4539294e-05
8,347	WWHow! Freeing Data Storage from Cages	2013	CIDR	5.4472422e-05
8,468	Making RDBMSs Efficient on Graph Workloads Through Predefined Joins	2022	VLDB	5.418656e-05
8,483	Optimization of Common Table Expressions in MPP Database Systems	2015	VLDB	5.4157148e-05
8,798	GEqO: ML-Accelerated Semantic Equivalence Detection	2023	SIGMOD	5.3698781e-05
8,889	Provenance-based Data Skipping	2022	VLDB	5.3512428e-05
9,145	SIEVE: Effective Filtered Vector Search with Collection of Indexes	2025	VLDB	5.3150984e-05
9,392	A Step Toward Deep Online Aggregation	2023	SIGMOD	5.2755515e-05
9,403	Materializing Views with Minimal Size To Answer Queries	2003	PODS	5.2755515e-05
9,435	In-Browser Interactive SQL Analytics with Afterburner	2017	SIGMOD	5.269408e-05
10,901	STsCache: An Efficient Semantic Caching Scheme for Time-series Data Workloads Based on Hybrid Storage	2025	VLDB	5.093636e-05
11,205	Towards a Converged Relational-Graph Optimization Framework	2024	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
11,928	Data Citation: Giving Credit Where Credit is Due	2018	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 13 of 13 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
69	Answering Queries Using Views (Extended Abstract)	1995	PODS	0.00038090878
87	Automated Selection of Materialized Views and Indexes for SQL Databases	2000	VLDB	0.00035281619
166	Query Transformation for PSJ-queries	1987	VLDB	0.00027676268
198	Aggregate-Query Processing in Data Warehousing Environments	1995	VLDB	0.00025618616
206	Eager Aggregation and Lazy Aggregation	1995	VLDB	0.00025092273
539	Computing Queries from Derived Relations	1985	VLDB	0.00016872223
554	Answering Queries with Aggregation Using Views	1996	VLDB	0.00016580778
643	Materialized Views In Oracle	1998	VLDB	0.00015372449
869	Rewriting Aggregate Queries Using Views	1999	PODS	0.00013503594
913	A Scalable Algorithm for Answering Queries Using Views	2000	VLDB	0.00013253821
1,034	Answering Complex SQL Queries Using Automatic Summary Tables	2000	SIGMOD	0.00012516197
2,238	Deciding Equivalences among Aggregate Queries	1998	PODS	8.8882317e-05
2,305	Querying Aggregate Data	1999	PODS	8.7766218e-05

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#	Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue
1	3,330	A Formal Perspective on the View Selection Problem	2001	VLDB
2	1,743	Algorithms for Materialized View Design in Data Warehousing Environment	1997	VLDB
3	1,787	Adapting Materialized Views after Redefinitions	1995	SIGMOD
4	707	A Performance Analysis of View Materialization Strategies	1987	SIGMOD
5	39	Efficiently Updating Materialized Views	1986	SIGMOD
6	6,671	Stacked Indexed Views in Microsoft SQL Server	2005	SIGMOD
7	4,155	On the Content of Materialized Aggregate Views	2000	PODS
8	8,416	Materialized View Selection for XQuery Workloads	2012	SIGMOD
9	554	Answering Queries with Aggregation Using Views	1996	VLDB
10	929	Materialized View Selection and Maintenance Using Multi-Query Optimization	2001	SIGMOD