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Fauce: Fast and Accurate Deep Ensembles with Uncertainty for Cardinality Estimation

Summary: Fauce is a join cardinality estimator learning correlations across columns and tables with deep ensembles. It yields 10x faster inference and 1.3x–6.7x lower error on complex queries, and it is the first DL-based estimator to embed uncertainty. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
12377
Venue
VLDB
Year
2021
Pagerank
7.0376445e-05
Overall Rank
3,499 | 75.66%
DOI
10.14778/3476249.3476254

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 29 of 29 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
3,266 Learned Cardinality Estimation: An In-depth Study 2022 SIGMOD 7.3074684e-05
3,348 Lero: A Learning-to-Rank Query Optimizer 2023 VLDB 7.1904529e-05
3,727 Cost-based or Learning-based? A Hybrid Query Optimizer for Query Plan Selection 2022 VLDB 6.8141709e-05
3,990 FactorJoin: A New Cardinality Estimation Framework for Join Queries 2023 SIGMOD 6.5581983e-05
4,417 Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads 2023 VLDB 6.2037371e-05
4,434 Lightweight and Accurate Cardinality Estimation by Neural Network Gaussian Process 2022 SIGMOD 6.1929999e-05
5,368 Fine-Grained Modeling and Optimization for Intelligent Resource Management in Big Data Processing 2022 VLDB 5.5457532e-05
5,401 ALECE: An Attention-based Learned Cardinality Estimator for SPJ Queries on Dynamic Workloads 2024 VLDB 5.5285035e-05
5,972 SafeBound: A Practical System for Generating Cardinality Bounds 2023 SIGMOD 5.2474768e-05
6,383 Sample-Efficient Cardinality Estimation Using Geometric Deep Learning 2024 VLDB 5.0884322e-05
7,123 ASM: Harmonizing Autoregressive Model, Sampling, and Multi-dimensional Statistics Merging for Cardinality Estimation 2024 SIGMOD 4.8251036e-05
7,126 Debunking the Myth of Join Ordering: Toward Robust SQL Analytics 2025 SIGMOD 4.8232367e-05
7,221 Speeding Up End-to-end Query Execution via Learning-based Progressive Cardinality Estimation 2023 SIGMOD 4.797194e-05
7,753 Rethinking Learned Cost Models: Why Start from Scratch? 2023 SIGMOD 4.660151e-05
8,617 A Spark Optimizer for Adaptive, Fine-Grained Parameter Tuning 2024 VLDB 4.4846425e-05
8,834 ByteCard: Enhancing ByteDance’s Data Warehouse with Learned Cardinality Estimation 2024 SIGMOD 4.4394021e-05
8,854 Optimizing the cloud? Don't train models. Build oracles! 2024 CIDR 4.4349047e-05
9,402 CAFE: Towards Compact, Adaptive, and Fast Embedding for Large-scale Recommendation Models 2024 SIGMOD 4.3441378e-05
9,408 Experimental Analysis of Large-scale Learnable Vector Storage Compression 2024 VLDB 4.3441378e-05
9,628 Approximate Sketches 2024 SIGMOD 4.3143499e-05
9,825 Athena: An Effective Learning-based Framework for Query Optimizer Performance Improvement 2025 SIGMOD 4.2751057e-05
9,878 PRICE: A Pretrained Model for Cross-Database Cardinality Estimation 2025 VLDB 4.2656547e-05
9,960 An Elephant Under The Microscope: Analyzing The Interaction Of Optimizer Components In PostgreSQL 2025 SIGMOD 4.2294678e-05
10,018 GenJoin: Conditional Generative Plan-to-Plan Query Optimizer that Learns from Subplan Hints 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,203 Reqo: A Comprehensive Learning-Based Cost Model for Robust and Explainable Query Optimization 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,590 ACE: A Cardinality Estimator for Set-Valued Queries 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,859 Graph Transformers for Query Plan Representation: Potentials and Challenges 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
11,190 Efficient and Effective Cardinality Estimation for Skyline Family 2023 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
11,194 A Step Toward Deep Online Aggregation 2023 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 25 of 25 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
71 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059038975
102 The Case for Learned Index Structures 2018 SIGMOD 0.00049545203
182 LEO - DB2's LEarning Optimizer 2001 VLDB 0.00036962631
183 Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning 2017 SIGMOD 0.00036721403
204 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00034784455
512 STHoles: A Multidimensional Workload-Aware Histogram 2001 SIGMOD 0.00021380733
608 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00019235898
758 Deep Unsupervised Cardinality Estimation 2020 VLDB 0.0001706608
910 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00015423056
1,105 Cardinality Estimation Done Right: Index-Based Join Sampling 2017 CIDR 0.00013990395
1,254 Selectivity Estimation for Range Predicates using Lightweight Models 2019 VLDB 0.00013027411
1,478 Learning Multi-dimensional Indexes 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011762542
1,547 Lightweight Graphical Models for Selectivity Estimation Without Independence Assumptions 2011 VLDB 0.00011442359
1,703 Are We Ready For Learned Cardinality Estimation? 2021 VLDB 0.00010836769
1,704 An Efficient Bitmap Encoding Scheme for Selection Queries 1999 SIGMOD 0.000108332
2,077 Efficient Discovery of Approximate Dependencies 2018 VLDB 9.6001836e-05
2,142 Pessimistic Cardinality Estimation: Tighter Upper Bounds for Intermediate Join Cardinalities 2019 SIGMOD 9.4507296e-05
2,165 Self-Tuning, GPU-Accelerated Kernel Density Models for Multidimensional Selectivity Estimation 2015 SIGMOD 9.389622e-05
2,364 Deep Learning Models for Selectivity Estimation of Multi-Attribute Queries 2020 SIGMOD 8.9554751e-05
2,588 Database Learning: Toward a Database that Becomes Smarter Every Time 2017 SIGMOD 8.4909562e-05
2,762 FLAT: Fast, Lightweight and Accurate Method for Cardinality Estimation 2021 VLDB 8.1585394e-05
2,783 Flow-Loss: Learning Cardinality Estimates That Matter 2021 VLDB 8.1293383e-05
2,969 Estimating Join Selectivities using Bandwidth-Optimized Kernel Density Models 2017 VLDB 7.7974762e-05
3,725 Estimating Cardinalities with Deep Sketches 2019 SIGMOD 6.8170734e-05
3,954 Efficiently Approximating Selectivity Functions using Low Overhead Regression Models 2020 VLDB 6.5926838e-05
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Overall Rank Paper Year Venue Pagerank
9,726 Cardinality Estimation of LIKE Predicate Queries using Deep Learning 2025 SIGMOD 4.2943379e-05
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7,221 Speeding Up End-to-end Query Execution via Learning-based Progressive Cardinality Estimation 2023 SIGMOD 4.797194e-05
4,434 Lightweight and Accurate Cardinality Estimation by Neural Network Gaussian Process 2022 SIGMOD 6.1929999e-05
204 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00034784455
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3,266 Learned Cardinality Estimation: An In-depth Study 2022 SIGMOD 7.3074684e-05
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