Query Sampling in DB2 Universal Database

Summary: Describes a sampling operator in IBM DB2 UDB that commutes with a subset of SQL operators, yielding random samples. This enables faster exploratory analysis by ensuring sampling correctness for commutative query parts, reducing execution cost. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 3573
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2004
Pagerank: 5.0139217e-05
Overall Rank: 6,543 | 54.53%
DOI: -

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
2,995	A Sampling Algebra for Aggregate Estimation	2013	VLDB	7.7606324e-05
4,432	Sampling Dirty Data for Matching Attributes	2010	SIGMOD	6.1858589e-05
9,760	Practical Dynamic Extension for Sampling Indexes	2023	SIGMOD	4.2838028e-05
9,937	Fast Approximate Computation of Statistics on Views	2006	SIGMOD	4.2441896e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 12 of 12 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
14	Online Aggregation	1997	SIGMOD	0.0010813443
18	On Random Sampling over Joins	1999	SIGMOD	0.00092569117
51	Including Group-By in Query Optimization	1994	VLDB	0.00067060283
107	Extensible/Rule Based Query Rewrite Optimization in Starburst	1992	SIGMOD	0.00048363446
212	Join Synopses for Approximate Query Answering	1999	SIGMOD	0.00033997204
531	Random Sampling for Histogram Construction: How much is enough?	1998	SIGMOD	0.0002079072
553	Bifocal Sampling for Skew-Resistant Join Size Estimation	1996	SIGMOD	0.00020272747
736	Congressional Samples for Approximate Answering of Group-By Queries	2000	SIGMOD	0.00017414831
803	On the Relative Cost of Sampling for Join Selectivity Estimation	1994	PODS	0.00016438972
1,303	Query Optimization by Predicate Move-Around	1994	VLDB	0.00012692678
4,403	Implementation of Two Semantic Query Optimization Techniques in DB2 Universal Database	1999	VLDB	6.2054188e-05
4,963	Online Query Processing: A Tutorial	2001	SIGMOD	5.7979792e-05

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Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
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5,258	Error-bounded Sampling for Analytics on Big Sparse Data	2014	VLDB	5.5973455e-05
3,563	Counting, Enumerating, and Sampling of Execution Plans in a Cost-Based Query Optimizer	2000	SIGMOD	6.9686532e-05
184	New Sampling-Based Summary Statistics for Improving Approximate Query Answers	1998	SIGMOD	0.00036655704
1,756	Sampling-Based Query Re-Optimization	2016	SIGMOD	0.00010659753
4,100	A Bi-Level Bernoulli Scheme for Database Sampling	2004	SIGMOD	6.4473679e-05
8,467	Sampling Big Ideas in Query Optimization	2023	PODS	4.4995247e-05
18	On Random Sampling over Joins	1999	SIGMOD	0.00092569117
92	Practical Selectivity Estimation through Adaptive Sampling	1990	SIGMOD	0.00051431888
46	Simple Random Sampling from Relational Databases	1986	VLDB	0.00071588702