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Crawling the Hidden Web

Summary: Proposes a hidden Web crawler model and HiWE (Hidden Web Exposer) for extracting content behind search forms and logins. Introduces LITE, a layout-based extraction technique to semantically parse forms and result pages, with experimental validation. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
8928
Venue
VLDB
Year
2001
Pagerank
0.00020711119
Overall Rank
340 | 97.67%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{raghavan_vldb01,
        title = {{Crawling the Hidden Web}},
        author = {Raghavan, Sriram and Garcia-Molina, Hector},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '01},
        year = {2001}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 32 of 32 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
791 An Interactive Clustering-based Approach to Integrating Source Query Interfaces on the Deep Web 2004 SIGMOD 0.00013995705
969 Web-scale Data Integration: You can only afford to Pay As You Go 2007 CIDR 0.00012892148
1,497 Generic Schema Matching, Ten Years Later 2011 VLDB 0.00010568859
1,554 Google’s Deep-Web Crawl 2008 VLDB 0.00010372108
2,280 Partial Results for Online Query Processing 2002 SIGMOD 8.8129961e-05
2,372 Instance-based Schema Matching for Web Databases by Domain-specific Query Probing 2004 VLDB 8.6786716e-05
2,554 Understanding Web Query Interfaces: Best-Effort Parsing with Hidden Syntax 2004 SIGMOD 8.4252755e-05
2,621 WISE-Integrator: An Automatic Integrator of Web Search Interfaces for E-Commerce 2003 VLDB 8.3342664e-05
2,976 Entity Search Engine: Towards Agile Best-Effort Information Integration over the Web 2007 CIDR 7.9066299e-05
3,177 Computing PageRank in a Distributed Internet Search System 2004 VLDB 7.6633723e-05
3,523 Using the Structure of Web Sites for Automatic Segmentation of Tables 2004 SIGMOD 7.3452966e-05
4,471 Harnessing the Deep Web: Present and Future 2009 CIDR 6.6813981e-05
5,545 A Hierarchical Approach to Model Web Query Interfaces for Web Source Integration 2009 VLDB 6.1795204e-05
5,749 RankMass Crawler: A Crawler with High Personalized PageRank Coverage Guarantee 2007 VLDB 6.1008193e-05
5,868 A Random Walk Approach to Sampling Hidden Databases 2007 SIGMOD 6.0613238e-05
7,620 Predicate-based Indexing of Enterprise Web Applications 2007 CIDR 5.5806924e-05
8,378 Discovering the Skyline of Web Databases 2016 VLDB 5.4387677e-05
8,671 Unbiased Estimation of Size and Other Aggregates Over Hidden Web Databases 2010 SIGMOD 5.3876663e-05
8,705 Progressive Deep Web Crawling Through Keyword Queries For Data Enrichment 2019 SIGMOD 5.3807913e-05
8,706 WISE-Integrator: A System for Extracting and Integrating Complex Web Search Interfaces of the Deep Web 2005 VLDB 5.3805554e-05
9,031 Learning to Extract Form Labels 2008 VLDB 5.3283239e-05
9,650 Aggregate Estimation Over Dynamic Hidden Web Databases 2014 VLDB 5.2427667e-05
9,683 Optimal Algorithms for Crawling a Hidden Database in the Web 2012 VLDB 5.2352357e-05
9,684 Attribute Domain Discovery for Hidden Web Databases 2011 SIGMOD 5.2352357e-05
12,083 Query Reranking As A Service 2016 VLDB 5.093636e-05
12,285 Rank Discovery From Web Databases 2013 VLDB 5.093636e-05
12,384 Randomized Generalization for Aggregate Suppression Over Hidden Web Databases 2011 VLDB 5.093636e-05
12,426 Optimizing Content Freshness of Relations Extracted From the Web Using Keyword Search 2010 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
12,520 Kosmix: High-Performance Topic Exploration using the Deep Web 2009 VLDB 5.093636e-05
12,718 Automatic Extraction of Dynamic Record Sections From Search Engine Result Pages 2006 VLDB 5.093636e-05
12,783 An Automatic Data Grabber for Large Web Sites 2004 VLDB 5.093636e-05
12,827 From Focused Crawling to Expert Information: an Application Framework for Web Exploration and Portal Generation 2003 VLDB 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 3 of 3 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1,403 Focused Crawling Using Context Graphs 2000 VLDB 0.000108876
1,610 Synchronizing a database to Improve Freshness 2000 SIGMOD 0.00010220368
7,532 The Evolution of the Web and Implications for an Incremental Crawler 2000 VLDB 5.6029996e-05
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# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
1 5,545 A Hierarchical Approach to Model Web Query Interfaces for Web Source Integration 2009 VLDB
2 14,009 A Method of Re-ranking Web Search Results Using their Hidden Hyperlink Structure 2002 VLDB
3 1,483 Distributed Search over the Hidden Web: Hierarchical Database Sampling and Selection 2002 VLDB
4 1,403 Focused Crawling Using Context Graphs 2000 VLDB
5 4,471 Harnessing the Deep Web: Present and Future 2009 CIDR
6 8,705 Progressive Deep Web Crawling Through Keyword Queries For Data Enrichment 2019 SIGMOD
7 8,166 Accurate and Efficient Crawling for Relevant Websites 2004 VLDB
8 4,524 Probe, Count, and Classify: Categorizing Hidden-Web Databases 2001 SIGMOD
9 1,554 Google’s Deep-Web Crawl 2008 VLDB
10 9,683 Optimal Algorithms for Crawling a Hidden Database in the Web 2012 VLDB