SQL Server Column Store Indexes

Summary: Introduces SQL Server Denali's column store index for data warehousing, enabling batch-processing to accelerate analytic queries. Describes its design, integration with the optimizer and execution engine, and shows large gains on DSS workloads. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 4467
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2011
Pagerank: 9.1678883e-05
Overall Rank: 2,258 | 84.30%
DOI: -

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 23 of 23 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
853	Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Compiled and Vectorized Queries But Were Afraid to Ask	2018	VLDB	0.00015940507
1,223	Enhancements to SQL Server Column Stores	2013	SIGMOD	0.00013207641
1,263	Data Blocks: Hybrid OLTP and OLAP on Compressed Storage using both Vectorization and Compilation	2016	SIGMOD	0.00012982857
1,312	Reducing the Storage Overhead of Main-Memory OLTP Databases with Hybrid Indexes	2016	SIGMOD	0.00012652548
1,967	Compressed Linear Algebra for Large-Scale Machine Learning	2016	VLDB	9.9131712e-05
2,312	Real-Time Analytical Processing with SQL Server	2015	VLDB	9.0530853e-05
3,219	Interleaving with Coroutines: A Practical Approach for Robust Index Joins	2018	VLDB	7.3550716e-05
3,644	BtrBlocks: Efficient Columnar Compression for Data Lakes	2023	SIGMOD	6.8854928e-05
5,113	Columnstore and B+ tree – Are Hybrid Physical Designs Important?	2018	SIGMOD	5.687445e-05
5,562	A Deep Dive into Common Open Formats for Analytical DBMSs	2023	VLDB	5.4331334e-05
6,170	PolarDB-IMCI: A Cloud-Native HTAP Database System at Alibaba	2023	SIGMOD	5.171601e-05
6,264	VectorH: Taking SQL-on-Hadoop to the Next Level	2016	SIGMOD	5.1348427e-05
6,345	Operator and Query Progress Estimation in Microsoft SQL Server Live Query Statistics	2016	SIGMOD	5.1023048e-05
7,387	Bubble Execution: Resource-aware Reliable Analytics at Cloud Scale	2018	VLDB	4.7438193e-05
8,096	Micro-architectural Analysis of OLAP: Limitations and Opportunities	2020	VLDB	4.5860565e-05
8,432	SPRINTER: A Fast n-ary Join Query Processing Method for Complex OLAP Queries	2020	SIGMOD	4.5153924e-05
8,731	Columnar Formats for Schemaless LSM-based Document Stores	2022	VLDB	4.4577278e-05
9,343	The Key to Effective UDF Optimization: Before Inlining, First Perform Outlining	2025	VLDB	4.3546206e-05
9,918	Shared Load(ing): Efficient Bulk Loading into Optimized Storage	2020	CIDR	4.2561557e-05
9,988	I Can't Believe It's Not Yannakakis: Pragmatic Bitmap Filters in Microsoft SQL Server	2026	CIDR	4.1945683e-05
10,786	Freely Moving Between the OLTP and OLAP Worlds: Hermes – an High-Performance OLAP Accelerator for MySQL	2025	VLDB	4.1945683e-05
12,030	How Achaeans Would Construct Columns in Troy	2013	CIDR	4.1945683e-05
12,063	Microsoft SQL Server’s Integrated Database Approach for Modern Applications and Hardware	2013	VLDB	4.1945683e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
21	C-Store: A Column-oriented DBMS	2005	VLDB	0.00086087497
123	A Decomposition Storage Model	1985	SIGMOD	0.00045255007
131	Integrating Compression and Execution in Column-Oriented Database Systems	2006	SIGMOD	0.0004370331
497	Column-Stores vs. Row-Stores: How Different Are They Really?	2008	SIGMOD	0.00021716559
710	Performance Tradeoffs in Read-Optimized Databases	2006	VLDB	0.00017765454

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Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
1,989	Column Imprints: A Secondary Index Structure	2013	SIGMOD	9.8478437e-05
2,363	Merging What’s Cracked, Cracking What’s Merged: Adaptive Indexing in Main-Memory Column-Stores	2011	VLDB	8.9580928e-05
121	Improved Query Performance with Variant Indexes	1997	SIGMOD	0.00045447517
1,590	Column-oriented Database Systems	2009	VLDB	0.00011233838
237	An Efficient, Cost-Driven Index Selection Tool for Microsoft SQL Server	1997	VLDB	0.00031726304
5,376	Holistic Indexing in Main-memory Column-stores	2015	SIGMOD	5.5417421e-05
11,572	Workload-Aware Column Imprints	2020	SIGMOD	4.1945683e-05
497	Column-Stores vs. Row-Stores: How Different Are They Really?	2008	SIGMOD	0.00021716559
2,312	Real-Time Analytical Processing with SQL Server	2015	VLDB	9.0530853e-05
1,223	Enhancements to SQL Server Column Stores	2013	SIGMOD	0.00013207641