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EmptyHeaded: A Relational Engine for Graph Processing

Summary: EmptyHeaded is a high-level, datalog-like relational graph engine with a novel SIMD-enabled join architecture and data layouts. New optimizer and layouts deliver up to 1,000× speedups vs other high-level systems on graph patterns, PageRank, SSSP, and match Galois on PageRank. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
5241
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2016
Pagerank
0.00024154596
Overall Rank
228 | 98.42%
DOI
10.1145/2882903.2915213

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 88 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
555 An Analytical Study of Large SPARQL Query Logs 2018 VLDB 0.00016655415
817 Optimizing Subgraph Queries by Combining Binary and Worst-Case Optimal Joins 2019 VLDB 0.0001387659
1,151 Hypertree Decompositions: Questions and Answers 2016 PODS 0.00012031066
1,278 In-Memory Subgraph Matching: An In-depth Study 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011462905
1,336 Distributed Evaluation of Subgraph Queries Using Worst-case Optimal Low-Memory Dataflows 2018 VLDB 0.00011216887
1,620 AJAR: Aggregations and Joins over Annotated Relations 2016 PODS 0.00010262905
1,652 Adopting Worst-Case Optimal Joins in Relational Database Systems 2020 VLDB 0.00010181827
2,022 Traversing Large Graphs on GPUs with Unified Memory 2020 VLDB 9.37889e-05
2,162 TurboFlux: A Fast Continuous Subgraph Matching System for Streaming Graph Data 2018 SIGMOD 9.0994327e-05
2,163 Speeding Up Set Intersections in Graph Algorithms using SIMD Instructions 2018 SIGMOD 9.0980747e-05
2,214 RapidMatch: A Holistic Approach to Subgraph Query Processing 2021 VLDB 9.008953e-05
2,222 Kuzu* Graph Database Management System 2023 CIDR 8.9954138e-05
2,312 Versatile Equivalences: Speeding up Subgraph Query Processing and Subgraph Matching 2021 SIGMOD 8.8466711e-05
2,812 A Layered Aggregate Engine for Analytics Workloads 2019 SIGMOD 8.1484676e-05
3,003 Sortledton: a Universal, Transactional Graph Data Structure 2022 VLDB 7.9242528e-05
3,014 GraphScope: A Unified Engine For Big Graph Processing 2021 VLDB 7.9158581e-05
3,086 Extracting and Analyzing Hidden Graphs from Relational Databases 2017 SIGMOD 7.8417558e-05
3,229 A Learned Sketch for Subgraph Counting 2021 SIGMOD 7.6920894e-05
3,396 GuP: Fast Subgraph Matching by Guard-based Pruning 2023 SIGMOD 7.5176876e-05
3,749 Distributed Subgraph Matching on Timely Dataflow 2019 VLDB 7.2091565e-05
3,810 All-in-One: Graph Processing in RDBMSs Revisited 2017 SIGMOD 7.1613476e-05
3,948 Efficient GPU-Accelerated Subgraph Matching 2023 SIGMOD 7.0699328e-05
4,186 HUGE: An Efficient and Scalable Subgraph Enumeration System 2021 SIGMOD 6.9091925e-05
4,317 The Relational Data Borg is Learning 2020 VLDB 6.8367919e-05
4,463 Guaranteeing the O~(AGM/OUT) Runtime for Uniform Sampling and Size Estimation over Joins 2023 PODS 6.7462588e-05
4,832 Fast In-Memory SQL Analytics on Typed Graphs 2017 VLDB 6.5543344e-05
4,969 Worst-Case Optimal Graph Joins in Almost No Space 2021 SIGMOD 6.4898318e-05
5,223 RapidFlow: An Efficient Approach to Continuous Subgraph Matching 2022 VLDB 6.3799903e-05
5,248 A Comprehensive Survey and Experimental Study of Subgraph Matching: Trends, Unbiasedness, and Interaction 2024 SIGMOD 6.3687097e-05
5,296 High-Performance Row Pattern Recognition Using Joins 2023 VLDB 6.3476452e-05
5,311 Evolution of a Compiling Query Engine 2021 VLDB 6.3410262e-05
5,316 HyperBench: A Benchmark and Tool for Hypergraphs and Empirical Findings 2019 PODS 6.3391633e-05
5,557 Optimal Join Algorithms Meet Top-k 2020 SIGMOD 6.2356873e-05
5,700 Free Join: Unifying Worst-Case Optimal and Traditional Joins 2023 SIGMOD 6.1819375e-05
5,779 An In-Depth Study of Continuous Subgraph Matching 2022 VLDB 6.1549096e-05
5,849 PathEnum: Towards Real-Time Hop-Constrained s-t Path Enumeration 2021 SIGMOD 6.1277816e-05
6,059 Efficient Exact Subgraph Matching via GNN-based Path Dominance Embedding 2024 VLDB 6.0534485e-05
6,227 Combining Sampling and Synopses with Worst-Case Optimal Runtime and Quality Guarantees for Graph Pattern Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 6.0093252e-05
6,265 Modern Techniques for Querying Graph-Structured Relations: Foundations, System Implementations, and Open Challenges 2022 VLDB 5.9975279e-05
6,334 A Relational Matrix Algebra and its Implementation in a Column Store 2020 SIGMOD 5.9720217e-05
6,358 Fast Join Project Query Evaluation using Matrix Multiplication 2020 SIGMOD 5.9652121e-05
6,546 BICE: Exploring Compact Search Space by Using Bipartite Matching and Cell-Wide Verification 2023 VLDB 5.9031535e-05
6,617 Debunking the Myth of Join Ordering: Toward Robust SQL Analytics 2025 SIGMOD 5.8811727e-05
6,819 SUFF: Accelerating Subgraph Matching with Historical Data 2023 VLDB 5.8222444e-05
6,838 GraphMineSuite: Enabling High-Performance and Programmable Graph Mining Algorithms with Set Algebra 2021 VLDB 5.8190903e-05
7,038 BSX : Subgraph Matching with Batch Backtracking Search 2025 SIGMOD 5.7719407e-05
7,116 Yannakakis+: Practical Acyclic Query Evaluation with Theoretical Guarantees 2025 SIGMOD 5.7526922e-05
7,319 LSMGraph: A High-Performance Dynamic Graph Storage System with Multi-Level CSR 2024 SIGMOD 5.7020927e-05
7,587 JoinBoost: Grow Trees Over Normalized Data Using Only SQL 2023 VLDB 5.6470468e-05
7,600 Mind the Gap: Bridging Multi-Domain Query Workloads with EmptyHeaded 2017 VLDB 5.6441526e-05
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