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ARIES/KVL: A Key-Value Locking Method for Concurrency Control of Multiaction Transactions Operating on B-Tree Indexes

Summary: ARIES/KVL applies key-value locking to B-tree indexes, delivering serializability with high concurrency during traversals and structural changes. Reusing IX/SIX lock modes for KV locks, it permits page reads/modifications during lock waits, reduces rollback deadlocks, and generalizes to link-based structures. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
7961
Venue
VLDB
Year
1990
Pagerank
0.00038354115
Overall Rank
175 | 98.79%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 50 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
215 OLTP Through the Looking Glass, and What We Found There 2008 SIGMOD 0.00033609709
871 Algorithms for Creating Indexes for Very Large Tables Without Quiescing Updates 1992 SIGMOD 0.00015708561
956 Serializable Snapshot Isolation in PostgreSQL 2012 VLDB 0.00015068342
1,071 Incremental Organization for Data Recording and Warehousing 1997 VLDB 0.00014265647
1,087 ARIES/IM: An Efficient and High Concurrency Index Management Method Using Write-Ahead Logging 1992 SIGMOD 0.00014159274
1,369 Aether: A Scalable Approach to Logging 2010 VLDB 0.0001235533
1,431 An Empirical Evaluation of In-Memory Multi-Version Concurrency Control 2017 VLDB 0.00012021808
1,442 Recovery and Coherency-Control Protocols for Fast Intersystem Page Transfer and Fine-Granularity Locking in a Shared Disks Transaction Environment 1991 VLDB 0.00011947958
1,478 Write-Optimized B-Trees 2004 VLDB 0.00011727205
1,501 Key Range Locking Strategies for Improved Concurrency 1993 VLDB 0.00011621226
1,594 PLP: Page Latch-free Shared-everything OLTP 2011 VLDB 0.00011212541
1,637 Mostly-Optimistic Concurrency Control for Highly Contended Dynamic Workloads on a Thousand Cores 2017 VLDB 0.00011058532
1,807 Main-Memory Index Structures with Fixed-Size Partial Keys 2001 SIGMOD 0.0001047644
1,986 On-line Reorganization of Sparsely-populated B+-trees 1996 SIGMOD 9.8572036e-05
1,988 A Practical Scalable Distributed B-Tree 2008 VLDB 9.8500023e-05
2,024 Storage Management in AsterixDB 2014 VLDB 9.7528344e-05
2,233 Cache-Conscious Concurrency Control of Main-Memory Indexes on Shared-Memory Multiprocessor Systems 2001 VLDB 9.2299873e-05
2,337 PolarDB Serverless: A Cloud Native Database for Disaggregated Data Centers 2021 SIGMOD 9.0092781e-05
2,378 Efficient and Flexible Methods for Transient Versioning of Records to Avoid Locking by Read-Only Transactions 1992 SIGMOD 8.9345684e-05
2,519 Concurrency and Recovery in Generalized Search Trees 1997 SIGMOD 8.6048934e-05
2,550 Updatable Learned Index with Precise Positions 2021 VLDB 8.5569576e-05
2,639 Locking Key Ranges with Unbundled Transaction Services 2009 VLDB 8.3983537e-05
3,042 High-Concurrency Locking in R-Trees 1995 VLDB 7.6669657e-05
3,433 Two Techniques for On-Line Index Modification in Shared Nothing Parallel Databases 1996 SIGMOD 7.0966926e-05
4,015 IBM's Relational DBMS Products: Features and Technologies 1993 SIGMOD 6.5295068e-05
4,340 Quantifying Isolation Anomalies 2009 VLDB 6.269792e-05
4,625 Multi-Version Range Concurrency Control in Deuteronomy 2015 VLDB 6.0343309e-05
4,632 Transaction Healing: Scaling Optimistic Concurrency Control on Multicores 2016 SIGMOD 6.0286531e-05
4,715 Releasing Locks As Early As You Can: Reducing Contention of Hotspots by Violating Two-Phase Locking 2021 SIGMOD 5.9692979e-05
4,780 Segment-Based Recovery: Write-ahead logging revisited 2009 VLDB 5.9256838e-05
4,881 Safely and Efficiently Updating References During On-line Reorganization 1998 VLDB 5.8525783e-05
4,998 A Cost-Effective Method for Providing Improved Data Availability During DBMS Restart Recovery After a Failure 1993 VLDB 5.7647393e-05
5,147 Commit_LSN: A Novel and Simple Method for Reducing Locking and Latching in Transaction Processing Systems 1990 VLDB 5.6576834e-05
5,364 Principles of Transaction-Based On-Line Reorganization 1992 VLDB 5.5466304e-05
5,835 Ad Hoc Transactions in Web Applications: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly 2022 SIGMOD 5.3080741e-05
5,885 Logical and Physical Versioning in Main Memory Databases 1997 VLDB 5.2850967e-05
6,064 DLFM: A Transactional Resource Manager 2000 SIGMOD 5.2258076e-05
6,679 Compensation-Based On-Line Query Processing 1992 SIGMOD 4.9611574e-05
7,199 Online B-Tree Merging 2005 SIGMOD 4.7984795e-05
7,653 Efficient Concurrency Control in Multidimensional Access Methods 1999 SIGMOD 4.6831774e-05
7,902 Locking Protocols for Materialized Aggregate Join Views 2003 VLDB 4.6174625e-05
9,275 Repeating History Beyond ARIES 1999 VLDB 4.3613591e-05
9,751 VeriTxn: Verifiable Transactions for Cloud-Native Databases with Storage Disaggregation 2023 SIGMOD 4.2856385e-05
10,428 TXSQL: Lock Optimizations Towards High Contented Workloads 2025 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
10,743 TreeCat: Standalone Catalog Engine for Large Data Systems 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
10,788 From Scale-Up to Scale-Out: PolarDB's Journey to Achieving 2 Billion tpmC 2025 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
12,505 Locking-Aware Structural Join Operators for XML Query Processing 2006 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
12,664 An Efficient Method for Performing Record Deletions and Updates Using Index Scans 2002 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
12,770 Highly Concurrent Cache Consistency for Indices in Client-Server Database Systems 1997 SIGMOD 4.1905499e-05
12,819 Index Concurrency Control in Firm Real-Time DBMS 1995 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
282 Concurrent Operations on B-Trees with Overtaking 1985 PODS 0.00029054939
939 Performance Enhancement Through Replication in an Object-Oriented DBMS 1989 SIGMOD 0.000151516
1,238 Concurrency Control of Nested Transactions Accessing B-Trees 1989 PODS 0.00013093624
4,259 ARIES/NT: A Recovery Method Based on Write-Ahead Logging for Nested Transactions 1989 VLDB 6.3034148e-05
5,147 Commit_LSN: A Novel and Simple Method for Reducing Locking and Latching in Transaction Processing Systems 1990 VLDB 5.6576834e-05
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Overall Rank Paper Year Venue Pagerank
3,529 ARIES/CSA: A Method for Database Recovery in Client-Server Architectures 1994 SIGMOD 7.002523e-05
1,573 Performance of B-Tree Concurrency Control Algorithms 1991 SIGMOD 0.00011293832
4,852 Reducing Database Locking Contention Through Multi-version Concurrency 2014 VLDB 5.8712723e-05
12,852 New Concurrency Control Algorithms for Accessing and Compacting B-Trees 1994 VLDB 4.1905499e-05
3,251 Access Method Concurrency with Recovery 1992 SIGMOD 7.3198815e-05
6,244 Operation Specific Locking In B-Trees 1987 PODS 5.1342001e-05
4,259 ARIES/NT: A Recovery Method Based on Write-Ahead Logging for Nested Transactions 1989 VLDB 6.3034148e-05
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