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R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure For Spatial Searching

Summary: R-tree, a dynamic index for multidimensional spatial data; supports non-zero sized objects with bounding rectangles. Algorithms for search and update; empirical tests show strong performance and applicability to modern spatial DBs. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
h52759c68d03cd902
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
1984
Pagerank
0.0019892478
Overall Rank
2 | 99.99%
DOI
10.1145/602259.602266

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{guttman_sigmod84,
        title = {{R-TREES: A DYNAMIC INDEX STRUCTURE FOR SPATIAL SEARCHING}},
        author = {Guttman, Antonin},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '84},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/602259.602266},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/602259.602266},
        year = {1984}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 35 of 385 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
12,193 Interactive Visualization for Big Spatial Data 2019 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
12,202 Anti-Freeze for Large and Complex Spreadsheets: Asynchronous Formula Computation 2019 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
12,326 Query Processing Techniques for Big Spatial-Keyword Data 2017 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
12,362 Efficient Mining of Regional Movement Patterns in Semantic Trajectories 2017 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,397 K-means Split Revisited: Well-grounded Approach and Experimental Evaluation 2016 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
12,399 Range Thresholding on Streams 2016 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
12,522 An Effective Encoding Scheme for Spatial RDF Data 2014 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,598 Statistics Collection in Oracle Spatial and Graph: Fast Histogram Construction for Complex Geometry Objects 2013 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,628 QuEval: Beyond high-dimensional indexing à la carte 2013 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,643 Indexability of 2D Range Search Revisited: Constant Redundancy and Weak Indivisibility 2012 PODS 4.9605343e-05
12,803 Efficient RkNN Retrieval with Arbitrary Non-Metric Similarity Measures 2010 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,812 Transforming Range Queries To Equivalent Box Queries To Optimize Page Access 2010 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,828 Worst-Case Efficient Range Search Indexing 2009 PODS 4.9605343e-05
12,856 Demonstration of the TrajStore System 2009 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,943 Towards Efficient Main-Memory Use For Optimum Tree Index Update 2008 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
12,998 IndeGS: Index Supported Graphics Data Server for CFD Data Postprocessing 2007 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,010 On Dominating Your Neighborhood Profitably 2007 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,012 MIST: Distributed Indexing and Querying in Sensor Networks using Statistical Models 2007 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,013 Early Profile Pruning on XML-aware Publish-Subscribe Systems 2007 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,026 Meta-data Indexing for XPath Location Steps 2006 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
13,028 Efficient Query Processing on Unstructured Tetrahedral Meshes 2006 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
13,042 Using High Dimensional Indexes to Support Relevance Feedback Based Interactive Images Retrieval 2006 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,052 Indexing for Function Approximation 2006 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,098 Complex Spatio-Temporal Pattern Queries 2005 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,115 Indexing and Mining Streams 2004 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
13,131 Efficiency-Quality Tradeoffs for Vector Score Aggregation 2004 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,155 The ND-Tree: A Dynamic Indexing Technique for Multidimensional Non-ordered Discrete Data Spaces 2003 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,158 Improving Performance with Bulk-Inserts in Oracle R-Trees 2003 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,202 Analyzing Energy Behavior of Spatial Access Methods for Memory-Resident Data 2001 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,248 GHOST: Fine Granularity Buffering of Index Pages 1999 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,277 Fast High-Dimensional Data Search in Incomplete Databases 1998 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,281 Algorithms for Querying by Spatial Structure 1998 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,287 Multimedia Support for Databases 1997 PODS 4.9605343e-05
13,405 Hamming Filter: A Dynamic Signature File Organization for Parallel Stores 1993 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
13,534 Panel on Extensible Database Systems 1986 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 2 of 2 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
8 The K-D-B-Tree: A Search Structure for Large Multidimensional Dynamic Indexes 1981 SIGMOD 0.00081207565
113 Interval Hierarchies And Their Application To Predicate Files 1977 SIGMOD 0.00032096323
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