TreeToaster: Towards an IVM-Optimized Compiler

Summary: Proposes IVM-based optimization for ASTs to accelerate rewrite discovery in large codebases. Introduces Label-indexing and TreeToaster, AST-specialized IVM; DBToaster, integrates with a JIT data-structure compiler, delivering speedups with modest memory. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: hc3cd63d9f711ac89
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2021
Pagerank: 5.1325223e-05
Overall Rank: 9,745 | 34.51%
DOI: 10.1145/3448016.3459244

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Darshana Balakrishnan (State University of New York at Buffalo)
2. Carl Nuessle (State University of New York at Buffalo)
3. Oliver Kennedy (State University of New York at Buffalo)
4. Lukasz Ziarek (State University of New York at Buffalo)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{balakrishnan_sigmod21,
        title = {{TreeToaster: Towards an IVM-Optimized Compiler}},
        author = {Balakrishnan, Darshana and Nuessle, Carl and Kennedy, Oliver and Ziarek, Lukasz},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '21},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3448016.3459244},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3448016.3459244},
        year = {2021}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 1 of 1 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
11,771	Asymptotically Better Query Optimization Using Indexed Algebra	2023	VLDB	4.9769913e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 19 of 19 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
21	Efficiently Compiling Efficient Query Plans for Modern Hardware	2011	VLDB	0.00056835296
23	Spark SQL: Relational Data Processing in Spark	2015	SIGMOD	0.00055384955
39	Efficiently Updating Materialized Views	1986	SIGMOD	0.00046583225
71	DuckDB: an Embeddable Analytical Database	2019	SIGMOD	0.00037724477
252	Database Cracking	2007	CIDR	0.00023101361
292	LINQ: Reconciling Objects, Relations and XML in the .NET Framework	2006	SIGMOD	0.00021937893
408	DBToaster: Higher-order Delta Processing for Dynamic, Frequently Fresh Views	2012	VLDB	0.00018894165
442	Differential dataflow	2013	CIDR	0.00018201988
745	Materialized View Maintenance and Integrity Constraint Checking: Trading Space for Time	1996	SIGMOD	0.0001430357
977	Incremental Query Evaluation in a Ring of Databases	2010	PODS	0.00012730241
1,149	Algorithms for Deferred View Maintenance	1996	SIGMOD	0.00011804215
1,277	Orca: A Modular Query Optimizer Architecture for Big Data	2014	SIGMOD	0.00011234276
1,880	Incremental Maintenance for Materialized Views over Semistructured Data	1998	VLDB	9.4379753e-05
2,083	Incremental Maintenance for Non-Distributive Aggregate Functions	2002	VLDB	9.0703617e-05
3,128	How to Win a Hot Dog Eating Contest: Distributed Incremental View Maintenance with Batch Updates	2016	SIGMOD	7.611678e-05
6,223	Incremental View Maintenance For Collection Programming	2016	PODS	5.8443814e-05
6,454	Just-In-Time Data Structures	2015	CIDR	5.7777861e-05
7,725	Precision Performance Surgery for PostgreSQL: LLVM-based Expression Compilation, Just in Time	2016	VLDB	5.465721e-05
9,898	Incremental View Maintenance for Property Graph Queries	2018	SIGMOD	5.1120577e-05

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#	Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue
1	97	Of Nests and Trees: A Unified Approach to Processing Queries That Contain Nested Subqueries, Aggregates, and Quantifiers	1987	VLDB
2	8,681	Adaptive Code Generation for Data-Intensive Analytics	2021	VLDB
3	408	DBToaster: Higher-order Delta Processing for Dynamic, Frequently Fresh Views	2012	VLDB
4	9,908	Fast Optimal Twig Joins	2010	VLDB
5	9,792	Memory-Efficient Search Trees for Database Management Systems	2021	SIGMOD
6	7,676	Efficient Indexing and Querying over Syntactically Annotated Trees	2012	VLDB
7	11,771	Asymptotically Better Query Optimization Using Indexed Algebra	2023	VLDB
8	8,567	Efficient Incrementialization of Correlated Nested Aggregate Queries using Relative Partial Aggregate Indexes (RPAI)	2022	SIGMOD
9	3,114	Incremental View Maintenance with Triple Lock Factorization Benefits	2018	SIGMOD
10	3,874	DBToaster: A SQL Compiler for High-Performance Delta Processing in Main-Memory Databases	2009	VLDB