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Of Nests and Trees: A Unified Approach to Processing Queries That Contain Nested Subqueries, Aggregates, and Quantifiers

Summary: Introduces a unified framework for SQL-like queries with nested subqueries, aggregates, and quantifiers, using new algebraic operators beyond Restrict-Project-Join and reducing reliance on tuple substitution. Derives optimization tactics from these algebraic properties to broaden the optimizer’s search space and enable distributed-friendly integration with existing architectures. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hfc1739f6a5f01f2b
Venue
VLDB
Year
1987
Pagerank
0.00034124569
Overall Rank
97 | 99.35%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{dayal_vldb87,
        title = {{Of Nests and Trees: A Unified Approach to Processing Queries That Contain Nested Subqueries, Aggregates, and Quantifiers}},
        author = {Dayal, Umeshwar},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '87},
        pages = {197--208},
        year = {1987}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 49 of 49 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
73 Including Group-By in Query Optimization 1994 VLDB 0.00037522101
109 Extensible/Rule Based Query Rewrite Optimization in Starburst 1992 SIGMOD 0.0003276959
125 Predicate Migration: Optimizing Queries with Expensive Predicates 1993 SIGMOD 0.00030470848
202 Aggregate-Query Processing in Data Warehousing Environments 1995 VLDB 0.00025244649
216 Small Materialized Aggregates: A Light Weight Index Structure for Data Warehousing 1998 VLDB 0.00024485024
272 An Overview of Query Optimization in Relational Systems 1998 PODS 0.00022509573
273 Extensible Query Processing in Starburst 1989 SIGMOD 0.00022504729
552 Orthogonal Optimization of Subqueries and Aggregation 2001 SIGMOD 0.0001653835
706 Sequence Query Processing 1994 SIGMOD 0.00014643264
896 Froid: Optimization of Imperative Programs in a Relational Database 2018 VLDB 0.00013209291
1,015 Improved Unnesting Algorithms for Join Aggregate SQL Queries 1992 VLDB 0.00012500439
1,057 Query Graphs, Implementing Trees, and Freely-Reorderable Outerjoins 1990 SIGMOD 0.00012231557
1,119 Query Optimization by Predicate Move-Around 1994 VLDB 0.00011950395
1,198 Outerjoins as Disjunctions 1994 SIGMOD 0.00011565328
1,274 Rewriting Procedures for Batched Bindings 2008 VLDB 0.00011247334
1,438 Magic is Relevant 1990 SIGMOD 0.00010648031
1,706 Algorithms for Materialized View Design in Data Warehousing Environment 1997 VLDB 9.8299851e-05
1,818 Deciding Containment for Queries with Complex Objects (Extended Abstract) 1997 PODS 9.5718481e-05
2,045 WinMagic : Subquery Elimination Using Window Aggregation 2003 SIGMOD 9.1329128e-05
2,108 Enhanced Subquery Optimizations in Oracle 2009 VLDB 9.0272361e-05
2,114 Reusing Invariants: A New Strategy for Correlated Queries 1998 SIGMOD 9.0158191e-05
2,438 Groupwise Processing of Relational Queries 1997 VLDB 8.4652613e-05
2,549 A Transformation-Based Approach to Optimizing Loops in Database Programming Languages 1992 SIGMOD 8.3124291e-05
2,628 WideTable: An Accelerator for Analytical Data Processing 2014 VLDB 8.2053454e-05
2,864 Optimization and Dataflow Algorithms for Nested Tree Queries 1989 VLDB 7.9273714e-05
3,267 Hypergraph based reorderings of outer join queries with complex predicates 1995 SIGMOD 7.4764157e-05
3,707 Implementation of Magic-sets in a Relational Database System 1994 SIGMOD 7.0820673e-05
3,783 Providing Better Support for a Class of Decision Support Queries 1996 SIGMOD 7.0225701e-05
3,849 EROC: A Toolkit for Building NEATO Query Optimizers 1996 VLDB 6.9810881e-05
3,865 Optimizing Nested Queries with Parameter Sort Orders 2005 VLDB 6.962283e-05
4,063 Event-Join Optimization in Temporal Relational Databases 1989 VLDB 6.823605e-05
4,181 Rule Languages and Internal Algebras for Rule-Based Optimizers 1996 SIGMOD 6.755142e-05
4,464 On the Correct and Complete Enumeration of the Core Search Space 2013 SIGMOD 6.5877622e-05
5,006 Optimizing View Queries in ROLEX to Support Navigable Result Trees 2002 VLDB 6.3175234e-05
5,254 Online Feedback for Nested Aggregate Queries with Multi-Threading 1999 VLDB 6.2079513e-05
5,969 Factorizing Complex Predicates in Queries to Exploit Indexes 2003 SIGMOD 5.9317876e-05
6,195 Towards an Efficient Evaluation of General Queries: Quantifier and Disjunction Processing Revisited 1989 SIGMOD 5.8535814e-05
7,138 The Generalized Pre-Grouping Transformation: Aggregate Query Optimization in the Presence of Dependencies 2003 VLDB 5.6008068e-05
7,296 Optimization of Nested Queries using the NF2 Algebra 2016 SIGMOD 5.5621076e-05
7,324 Optimizing Queries with Universal Quantification in Object-Oriented and Object-Relational Databases 1997 VLDB 5.5523996e-05
7,907 A Practical Approach to Groupjoin and Nested Aggregates 2021 VLDB 5.4287568e-05
8,290 User-Optimizer Communication using Abstract Plans in Sybase ASE 2001 VLDB 5.3614554e-05
9,135 Equivalence of Nested Queries with Mixed Semantics 2009 PODS 5.2224867e-05
9,652 Window Function Expression: Let the Self-join Enter 2024 VLDB 5.1453267e-05
11,131 Query Decorrelation in the Fabric Data Warehouse 2025 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
11,483 Query Optimization by Quantifier Elimination 2024 PODS 4.9793485e-05
12,209 Improving Join Reorderability with Compensation Operators 2018 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
13,017 A Nested Relational Approach to Processing SQL Subqueries 2005 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
13,385 A Uniform Approach to Processing Temporal Queries 1992 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 14 of 14 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
1 Access Path Selection in a Relational Database Management System 1979 SIGMOD 0.0023947656
10 Extending the Data Base Relational Model to Capture More Meaning 1979 SIGMOD 0.00075944947
16 The Functional Data Model and the Data Language DAPLEX 1979 SIGMOD 0.00059996338
118 The EXODUS Optimizer Generator 1987 SIGMOD 0.00031392616
132 Optimization of Nested SQL Queries Revisited 1987 SIGMOD 0.00030241193
344 R* Optimizer Validation and Performance Evaluation for Distributed Queries 1986 VLDB 0.00020461727
397 R* Optimizer Validation and Performance Evaluation for Local Queries 1986 SIGMOD 0.00019157058
630 A Rule-Based View of Query Optimization 1987 SIGMOD 0.0001541799
764 Access Paths in the "Abe" Statistical Query Facility 1982 SIGMOD 0.00014127114
1,113 An Extended Relational Algebra with Control Over Duplicate Elimination 1982 PODS 0.00011971883
1,935 Extending the Algebraic Framework of Query Processing to Handle Outerjoins 1984 VLDB 9.3389342e-05
2,308 Optimization of Nested Queries in a Distributed Relational Database 1984 VLDB 8.666147e-05
3,012 Query Processing Strategies in the PASCAL/R Relational Database Management System 1982 SIGMOD 7.7547306e-05
4,627 Processing Queries with Quantifiers: A Horticultural Approach 1983 PODS 6.4968665e-05
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Semantically Similar Papers

# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
1 9,312 From Nested-Loop to Join Queries in OODB 1994 VLDB
2 1,098 A General Framework for the Optimization of Object-Oriented Queries 1992 SIGMOD
3 1,015 Improved Unnesting Algorithms for Join Aggregate SQL Queries 1992 VLDB
4 11,483 Query Optimization by Quantifier Elimination 2024 PODS
5 6,048 Query Unnesting in Object-Oriented Databases 1998 SIGMOD
6 2,154 A Recursive Algebra and Query Optimization for Nested Relations 1989 SIGMOD
7 7,296 Optimization of Nested Queries using the NF2 Algebra 2016 SIGMOD
8 2,864 Optimization and Dataflow Algorithms for Nested Tree Queries 1989 VLDB
9 132 Optimization of Nested SQL Queries Revisited 1987 SIGMOD
10 13,017 A Nested Relational Approach to Processing SQL Subqueries 2005 SIGMOD