Back to papers
Order Preserving Encryption for Numeric Data
Summary: Order-preserving encryption for numeric data enables direct comparisons on ciphertext with sound, complete query results. Updates require no re-encryption; standard indexes work on encrypted tables, and security holds against domain-ignorant attackers.
(summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)
Paper ID
hd3f0dd26363c5f46
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2004
Pagerank
0.00021317851
Overall Rank
311 | 97.92%
DOI
10.1145/1007568.1007632
Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time
BibTeX Citation
@inproceedings{agrawal_sigmod04,
title = {{Order Preserving Encryption for Numeric Data}},
author = {Agrawal, Rakesh and Kiernan, Jerry and Srikant, Ramakrishnan and Xu, Yirong},
series = {{SIGMOD} '04},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
doi = {10.1145/1007568.1007632},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1007568.1007632},
year = {2004}
}
Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 39 of 39 citing papers.
Rank
Citing Paper
Year
Venue
Pagerank
1,644
Arx: An Encrypted Database using Semantically Secure Encryption 2019
VLDB
9.9995878e-05
1,709
The Tao of Inference in Privacy-Protected Databases 2018
VLDB
9.8155015e-05
1,835
Authenticated Join Processing in Outsourced Databases 2009
SIGMOD
9.53331e-05
2,178
Two Can Keep a Secret: A Distributed Architecture for Secure Database Services 2005
CIDR
8.9117503e-05
2,310
Secure kNN Computation on Encrypted Databases 2009
SIGMOD
8.662463e-05
2,344
Answering Aggregation Queries in a Secure System Model 2007
VLDB
8.6004109e-05
3,357
Modular Order-Preserving Encryption, Revisited 2015
SIGMOD
7.3789811e-05
4,280
Querying Encrypted Data 2014
SIGMOD
6.6868551e-05
4,460
Fast Range Query Processing with Strong Privacy Protection for Cloud Computing 2014
VLDB
6.5878082e-05
4,772
Nearest Neighbor Search with Strong Location Privacy 2010
VLDB
6.422259e-05
4,847
Integrity Auditing of Outsourced Data 2007
VLDB
6.379751e-05
5,056
IncShrink: Architecting Efficient Outsourced Databases using Incremental MPC and Differential Privacy 2022
SIGMOD
6.2928688e-05
5,124
Secure Query Processing with Data Interoperability in a Cloud Database Environment 2014
SIGMOD
6.2620601e-05
5,248
A Comparative Evaluation of Order-Revealing Encryption Schemes and Secure Range-Query Protocols 2019
VLDB
6.2104119e-05
5,265
Structural Signatures for Tree Data Structures 2008
VLDB
6.2022388e-05
5,773
OpBoost: A Vertical Federated Tree Boosting Framework Based on Order-Preserving Desensitization 2023
VLDB
5.9960895e-05
6,311
Longshot: Indexing Growing Databases using MPC and Differential Privacy 2023
VLDB
5.8150538e-05
6,667
Range Search over Encrypted Multi-Attribute Data 2023
VLDB
5.7139119e-05
6,918
Adaptive Indexing over Encrypted Numeric Data 2016
SIGMOD
5.6435526e-05
7,213
Efficient Secure Query Evaluation over Encrypted XML Databases 2006
VLDB
5.5816909e-05
8,318
Over-encryption: Management of Access Control Evolution on Outsourced Data 2007
VLDB
5.3547094e-05
8,427
Femur: A Flexible Framework for Fast and Secure Querying from Public Key-Value Store 2025
SIGMOD
5.3324907e-05
8,485
DP-Sync: Hiding Update Patterns in Secure Outsourced Databases with Differential Privacy 2021
SIGMOD
5.330748e-05
8,711
ENKI: Access Control for Encrypted Query Processing 2015
SIGMOD
5.2880532e-05
8,810
Pantheon: Private Retrieval from Public Key-Value Store 2023
VLDB
5.2709619e-05
8,846
Encrypted Databases: From Theory to Systems 2021
CIDR
5.2648052e-05
8,913
Practical and Secure Substring Search 2018
SIGMOD
5.2534908e-05
9,345
OBSCURE: Information-Theoretic Oblivious and Verifiable Aggregation Queries 2019
VLDB
5.1891183e-05
11,066
A Workload-Aware Encrypted Index for Efficient Privacy-Preserving Range Queries 2026
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
11,756
Cracking-Like Join for Trusted Execution Environments 2023
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
12,009
Comprehensible Counterfactual Explanation on Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test 2021
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
12,010
Cryptanalysis of An Encrypted Database in SIGMOD '14 2021
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
12,280
Cryptanalysis of Comparable Encryption in SIGMOD'16 2017
SIGMOD
4.9769913e-05
12,489
SQL/AA: Executing SQL on an Asymmetric Architecture 2014
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
12,495
RASP-QS: Efficient and Confidential Query Services in the Cloud 2014
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
12,571
eSkyline: Processing Skyline Queries over Encrypted Data 2013
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
12,577
Efficiency and Security in Similarity Cloud Services 2013
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
12,644
Secure and Privacy-Preserving Data Services in the Cloud: A Data Centric View 2012
VLDB
4.9769913e-05
12,982
Simultaneous Scalability and Security for Data-Intensive Web Applications 2006
SIGMOD
4.9769913e-05
Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 6 of 6 cited papers.
Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.
Semantically Similar Papers
#
Overall Rank
Paper
Year
Venue
1
8,913
Practical and Secure Substring Search 2018
SIGMOD
2
12,756
Building Disclosure Risk Aware Query Optimizers for Relational Databases 2010
VLDB
3
5,124
Secure Query Processing with Data Interoperability in a Cloud Database Environment 2014
SIGMOD
4
9,198
Integrity-based Attacks for Encrypted Databases and Implications 2021
CIDR
5
7,213
Efficient Secure Query Evaluation over Encrypted XML Databases 2006
VLDB
6
2,344
Answering Aggregation Queries in a Secure System Model 2007
VLDB
7
7,888
Frequency-Hiding Order-Preserving Encryption with Small Client Storage 2021
VLDB
8
3,357
Modular Order-Preserving Encryption, Revisited 2015
SIGMOD
9
5,248
A Comparative Evaluation of Order-Revealing Encryption Schemes and Secure Range-Query Protocols 2019
VLDB
10
6,918
Adaptive Indexing over Encrypted Numeric Data 2016
SIGMOD