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MillWheel: Fault-Tolerant Stream Processing at Internet Scale

Summary: MillWheel offers fault-tolerant, low-latency stream processing at Internet scale via a directed computation graph, persistent state, and continuous dataflow. Logical time-based aggregations, scalable fault tolerance, and a Google case study (anomaly detector) illustrate its unique programming model and broad applicability to data-intensive, real-time analytics. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
10542
Venue
VLDB
Year
2013
Pagerank
0.00028059664
Overall Rank
314 | 97.82%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 66 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
287 Storm @Twitter 2014 SIGMOD 0.00028917909
536 The Dataflow Model: A Practical Approach to Balancing Correctness, Latency, and Cost in Massive-Scale, Unbounded, Out-of-Order Data Processing 2015 VLDB 0.00020651621
822 Twitter Heron: Stream Processing at Scale 2015 SIGMOD 0.00016226851
1,081 Dhalion: Self-Regulating Stream Processing in Heron 2017 VLDB 0.00014201838
1,097 Trill: A High-Performance Incremental Query Processor for Diverse Analytics 2015 VLDB 0.00014083973
1,616 Realtime Data Processing at Facebook 2016 SIGMOD 0.00011133818
1,793 Summingbird: A Framework for Integrating Batch and Online MapReduce Computations 2014 VLDB 0.00010522029
2,270 S-Store: Streaming Meets Transaction Processing 2015 VLDB 9.149662e-05
2,339 Samza: Stateful Scalable Stream Processing at LinkedIn 2017 VLDB 9.0029559e-05
2,860 Timon: A Timestamped Event Database for Efficient Telemetry Data Processing and Analytics 2020 SIGMOD 8.0042474e-05
3,054 Partial Results in Database Systems 2014 SIGMOD 7.6478475e-05
3,216 Frontier: Resilient Edge Processing for the Internet of Things 2018 VLDB 7.3675613e-05
3,335 SnappyData: A Unified Cluster for Streaming, Transactions, and Interactive Analytics 2017 CIDR 7.2023806e-05
3,425 General Incremental Sliding-Window Aggregation 2015 VLDB 7.1042928e-05
3,551 Chi: A Scalable and Programmable Control Plane for Distributed Stream Processing Systems 2018 VLDB 6.9776252e-05
3,703 How to Win a Hot Dog Eating Contest: Distributed Incremental View Maintenance with Batch Updates 2016 SIGMOD 6.8249334e-05
3,771 SABER: Window-Based Hybrid Stream Processing for Heterogeneous Architectures 2016 SIGMOD 6.7738535e-05
4,051 Megaphone: Latency-conscious state migration for distributed streaming dataflows 2019 VLDB 6.4932782e-05
4,121 Husky: Towards a More Efficient and Expressive Distributed Computing Framework 2016 VLDB 6.4302383e-05
4,490 Analyzing Efficient Stream Processing on Modern Hardware 2019 VLDB 6.137834e-05
4,797 Rhino: Efficient Management of Very Large Distributed State for Stream Processing Engines 2020 SIGMOD 5.9101178e-05
4,824 Consistency and Completeness: Rethinking Distributed Stream Processing in Apache Kafka 2021 SIGMOD 5.8902451e-05
5,131 One SQL to Rule Them All – an Efficient and Syntactically Idiomatic Approach to Management of Streams and Tables 2019 SIGMOD 5.6704313e-05
5,215 Tornado: A System For Real-Time Iterative Analysis Over Evolving Data 2016 SIGMOD 5.6231911e-05
5,271 Consistent Regions: Guaranteed Tuple Processing in IBM Streams 2016 VLDB 5.5924143e-05
5,292 StreamOps: Cloud-Native Runtime Management for Streaming Services in ByteDance 2023 VLDB 5.5784769e-05
5,357 LightSaber: Efficient Window Aggregation on Multi-core Processors 2020 SIGMOD 5.5512343e-05
5,942 Clonos: Consistent Causal Recovery for Highly-Available Streaming Dataflows 2021 SIGMOD 5.2591128e-05
6,102 Pixida: Optimizing Data Parallel Jobs in Wide-Area Data Analytics 2016 VLDB 5.2059254e-05
6,133 Optimal and General Out-of-Order Sliding-Window Aggregation 2019 VLDB 5.1917864e-05
6,241 Helios: Hyperscale Indexing for the Cloud & Edge 2020 VLDB 5.1357476e-05
6,430 Providing Streaming Joins as a Service at Facebook 2018 VLDB 5.0587634e-05
6,649 Grizzly: Efficient Stream Processing Through Adaptive Query Compilation 2020 SIGMOD 4.9724735e-05
6,726 Beyond Analytics: The Evolution of Stream Processing Systems 2020 SIGMOD 4.9444528e-05
6,769 Watermarks in Stream Processing Systems: Semantics and Comparative Analysis of Apache Flink and Google Cloud Dataflow 2021 VLDB 4.9274854e-05
7,366 Model-Free Control for Distributed Stream Data Processing using Deep Reinforcement Learning 2018 VLDB 4.7459576e-05
7,371 Hazelcast Jet: Low-latency Stream Processing at the 99.99th Percentile 2021 VLDB 4.744863e-05
7,533 Enabling Efficient and General Subpopulation Analytics in Multidimensional Data Streams 2022 VLDB 4.7134753e-05
7,600 Quill: Efficient, Transferable, and Rich Analytics at Scale 2016 VLDB 4.697054e-05
7,629 Incremental Sliding Window Connectivity over Streaming Graphs 2024 VLDB 4.6883161e-05
7,709 Ananke: A Streaming Framework for Live Forward Provenance 2021 VLDB 4.667502e-05
8,004 Rethinking Stateful Stream Processing with RDMA 2022 SIGMOD 4.6048388e-05
8,610 Efficient Incrementialization of Correlated Nested Aggregate Queries using Relative Partial Aggregate Indexes (RPAI) 2022 SIGMOD 4.480988e-05
8,742 Texera: A System for Collaborative and Interactive Data Analytics Using Workflows 2024 VLDB 4.4520434e-05
8,911 What's the Difference? Incremental Processing with Change Queries in Snowflake 2023 SIGMOD 4.4229886e-05
9,220 Elasticutor: Rapid Elasticity for Realtime Stateful Stream Processing 2019 SIGMOD 4.3670162e-05
9,306 Shrink – Prescribing Resiliency Solutions for Streaming 2017 VLDB 4.3545376e-05
9,323 Disaggregated State Management in Apache Flink® 2.0 2025 VLDB 4.351469e-05
9,497 Scabbard: Single-Node Fault-Tolerant Stream Processing 2022 VLDB 4.3300131e-05
9,505 Supporting Scalable Analytics with Latency Constraints 2015 VLDB 4.3300131e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 10 of 10 cited papers.

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