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A Comprehensive Survey and Experimental Comparison of Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search

Summary: Comprehensive survey and experimental comparison of 13 graph-based ANNS algorithms, using a new taxonomy and a fine-grained pipeline. Uniform evaluation on eight real-world and twelve synthetic datasets reveals trends, actionable guidance, and principled directions toward improved, state-of-the-art ANNS. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
12378
Venue
VLDB
Year
2021
Pagerank
0.00016917602
Overall Rank
770 | 94.65%
DOI
10.14778/3476249.3476255

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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 17 of 67 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
10,154 Distribution-Aware Exploration for Adaptive HNSW Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,158 Efficient and Robust Out-Of-Distribution Vector Similarity Search with Cross-Distribution Monotonic Graph 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,165 Fast-Convergent Proximity Graphs for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,166 FGIM: a Fast Graph-based Indexes Merging Framework for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,204 Reveal Hidden Pitfalls and Navigate Next Generation of Vector Similarity Search from Task-Centric Views: [Experiments & Analysis] 2026 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,224 SVFusion: A CPU-GPU Co-Processing Architecture for Large-Scale Real-Time Vector Search 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,237 Quantization Meets Projection: A Happy Marriage for Approximate k-Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,256 I/O Optimizations for Graph-Based Disk-Resident Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search: A Design Space Exploration 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,273 An Experimental Evaluation of Hybrid Querying on Vectors 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,287 RED-ANNS: An RDMA-Enabled Distributed Framework for Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,303 Elastic Index Selection for Label-Hybrid AKNN Search 2026 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,471 Approximating Opaque Top-k Queries 2025 SIGMOD 4.1945683e-05
10,683 Accelerating Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search in Hierarchical Graphs: Efficient Level Navigation with Shortcuts 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,703 Fast Graph Vector Search via Hardware Acceleration and Delayed-Synchronization Traversal 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,776 GaussDB-Vector: A Large-Scale Persistent Real-Time Vector Database for LLM Applications 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
10,833 Cardinality Estimation for Similarity Search on High-Dimensional Data Objects: The Impact of Reference Objects 2025 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
11,251 Fast Search-By-Classification for Large-Scale Databases Using Index-Aware Decision Trees and Random Forests 2023 VLDB 4.1945683e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 9 of 9 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
79 A Quantitative Analysis and Performance Study for Similarity-Search Methods in High-Dimensional Spaces 1998 VLDB 0.00056242144
212 Fast Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search With The Navigating Spreading-out Graph 2019 VLDB 0.00033913475
330 The Query By Image Content (QBIC) System 1995 SIGMOD 0.00027229588
562 Query-Aware Locality-Sensitive Hashing for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2016 VLDB 0.00020091752
736 AnalyticDB-V: A Hybrid Analytical Engine Towards Query Fusion for Structured and Unstructured Data 2020 VLDB 0.00017447617
1,010 HD-Index: Pushing the Scalability-Accuracy Boundary for Approximate kNN Search in High-Dimensional Spaces 2018 VLDB 0.00014652858
1,364 Improving Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search through Learned Adaptive Early Termination 2020 SIGMOD 0.00012370117
2,435 iDEC: Indexable Distance Estimating Codes for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search 2020 VLDB 8.8252237e-05
5,352 Permutation Search Methods are Efficient, Yet Faster Search is Possible 2015 VLDB 5.5529869e-05
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