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Are Joins over LSM-trees Ready? Take RocksDB as an Example

Summary: Exhaustive study and benchmark of join methods over LSM-trees (RocksDB), defining a configuration space of join algorithms, secondary index designs, and consistency strategies. Theoretical cost analysis plus unified implementations show how LSM read/write trade-offs reorder join performance and yield practical selection guidance. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
13780
Venue
VLDB
Year
2025
Pagerank
4.351469e-05
Overall Rank
9,322 | 35.22%
DOI
10.14778/3717775.3717767

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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 45 of 45 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
9 Implementation Techniques For Main Memory Database Systems 1984 SIGMOD 0.001426258
71 How Good Are Query Optimizers, Really? 2016 VLDB 0.00059446482
281 LinkBench: a Database Benchmark Based on the Facebook Social Graph 2013 SIGMOD 0.00029084275
329 Neo: A Learned Query Optimizer 2019 VLDB 0.00027301488
363 CockroachDB: The Resilient Geo-Distributed SQL Database 2020 SIGMOD 0.00025750338
606 DeepDB: Learn from Data, not from Queries! 2020 VLDB 0.00019251186
608 Monkey: Optimal Navigable Key-Value Store 2017 SIGMOD 0.00019233548
634 Bao: Making Learned Query Optimization Practical 2021 SIGMOD 0.00018844568
804 An End-to-End Learning-based Cost Estimator 2020 VLDB 0.0001643674
844 The PGM-index: a fully-dynamic compressed learned index with provable worst-case bounds 2020 VLDB 0.00015964123
876 Plan-Structured Deep Neural Network Models for Query Performance Prediction 2019 VLDB 0.00015660534
905 NeuroCard: One Cardinality Estimator for All Tables 2021 VLDB 0.00015423174
1,309 Dostoevsky: Better Space-Time Trade-Offs for LSM-Tree Based Key-Value Stores via Adaptive Removal of Superfluous Merging 2018 SIGMOD 0.00012655712
1,437 AsterixDB: A Scalable, Open Source BDMS 2014 VLDB 0.00011973401
1,438 Benchmarking Learned Indexes 2021 VLDB 0.00011965956
1,614 MyRocks: LSM-Tree Database Storage Engine Serving Facebook's Social Graph 2020 VLDB 0.00011137963
1,616 Realtime Data Processing at Facebook 2016 SIGMOD 0.00011133818
1,800 An Experimental Comparison of Thirteen Relational Equi-Joins in Main Memory 2016 SIGMOD 0.00010494121
1,932 X-Engine: An Optimized Storage Engine for Large-scale E-commerce Transaction Processing 2019 SIGMOD 0.00010050776
2,112 The Log-Structured Merge-Bush & the Wacky Continuum 2019 SIGMOD 9.5244583e-05
2,153 The Data Calculator*: Data Structure Design and Cost Synthesis from First Principles and Learned Cost Models 2018 SIGMOD 9.418541e-05
2,606 Design Continuums and the Path Toward Self-Designing Key-Value Stores that Know and Learn 2019 CIDR 8.4621503e-05
2,781 Flow-Loss: Learning Cardinality Estimates That Matter 2021 VLDB 8.1282042e-05
3,545 Rosetta: A Robust Space-Time Optimized Range Filter for Key-Value Stores 2020 SIGMOD 6.9831585e-05
3,567 Accordion: Better Memory Organization for LSM Key-Value Stores 2018 VLDB 6.9606988e-05
3,924 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 6.6227223e-05
3,970 Spooky: Granulating LSM-Tree Compactions Correctly 2022 VLDB 6.5756727e-05
3,992 FactorJoin: A New Cardinality Estimation Framework for Join Queries 2023 SIGMOD 6.5519369e-05
4,227 Cosine: A Cloud-Cost Optimized Self-Designing Key-Value Storage Engine 2022 VLDB 6.3381409e-05
4,244 A Disk-Based Join With Probabilistic Guarantees* 2005 SIGMOD 6.3228453e-05
4,836 Proteus: A Self-Designing Range Filter 2022 SIGMOD 5.8849277e-05
5,367 LogKV: Exploiting Key-Value Stores for Event Log Processing 2013 CIDR 5.5461097e-05
5,543 Lightweight Cardinality Estimation in LSM-based Systems 2018 SIGMOD 5.4486922e-05
5,641 A Comparative Study of Secondary Indexing Techniques in LSM-based NoSQL Databases 2018 SIGMOD 5.3968037e-05
5,769 Oasis: An Optimal Disjoint Segmented Learned Range Filter 2024 VLDB 5.3326049e-05
5,920 Breaking Down Memory Walls: Adaptive Memory Management in LSM-based Storage Systems 2021 VLDB 5.2686888e-05
6,193 SQLite: Past, Present, and Future 2022 VLDB 5.1593011e-05
6,394 Endure: A Robust Tuning Paradigm for LSM Trees Under Workload Uncertainty 2022 VLDB 5.0770427e-05
7,623 Learning to Optimize LSM-trees: Towards A Reinforcement Learning based Key-Value Store for Dynamic Workloads 2023 SIGMOD 4.6890662e-05
7,743 Efficient Data Ingestion and Query Processing for LSM-Based Storage Systems 2019 VLDB 4.6581858e-05
8,011 CAMAL: Optimizing LSM-trees via Active Learning 2024 SIGMOD 4.6022693e-05
8,411 The Case for Learned In-Memory Joins 2023 VLDB 4.5151296e-05
8,855 A Design Space Exploration and Evaluation for Main-Memory Hash Joins in Storage Class Memory 2023 VLDB 4.4306395e-05
9,069 Structural Designs Meet Optimality: Exploring Optimized LSM-tree Structures in A Colossal Configuration Space 2024 SIGMOD 4.3983078e-05
9,191 POLAR: Adaptive and Non-invasive Join Order Selection via Plans of Least Resistance 2024 VLDB 4.3738237e-05
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