A1: A Distributed In-Memory Graph Database
Summary: A distributed in-memory graph DB for Bing, built on FaRM with DRAM and RDMA. RDMA-optimized data structures and a graph-specific query engine enable tens of billions of vertices/edges, 350M vertex reads/sec, and end-to-end latency in the single-digit ms range. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)
Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time
Authors
- 1. Chiranjeeb Buragohain (Microsoft; Oracle)
- 2. Knut Magne Risvik (Microsoft)
- 3. Paul Brett (Microsoft)
- 4. Miguel Castro (Microsoft)
- 5. Wonhee Cho (Microsoft)
- 6. Joshua Cowhig (Microsoft)
- 7. Nikolas Gloy (Microsoft)
- 8. Karthik Kalyanaraman (Microsoft)
- 9. Richendra Khanna (Microsoft; Oracle)
- 10. John Pao (Microsoft)
- 11. Matthew Renzelmann (Microsoft)
- 12. Alex Shamis (Microsoft)
- 13. Timothy Tan (Amazon; Microsoft)
- 14. Shuheng Zheng (Microsoft)
BibTeX Citation
@inproceedings{buragohain_sigmod20,
title = {{A1: A Distributed In-Memory Graph Database}},
author = {Buragohain, Chiranjeeb and Risvik, Knut Magne and Brett, Paul and Castro, Miguel and Cho, Wonhee and Cowhig, Joshua and Gloy, Nikolas and Kalyanaraman, Karthik and Khanna, Richendra and Pao, John and Renzelmann, Matthew and Shamis, Alex and Tan, Timothy and Zheng, Shuheng},
series = {{SIGMOD} '20},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
doi = {10.1145/3318464.3386135},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3318464.3386135},
year = {2020}
}Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 8 of 8 citing papers.
| Rank | Citing Paper | Year | Venue | Pagerank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,915 | GraphScope: A Unified Engine For Big Graph Processing | 2021 | VLDB | 7.9666977e-05 |
| 4,519 | G-Tran: A High Performance Distributed Graph Database with a Decentralized Architecture | 2022 | VLDB | 6.6472999e-05 |
| 4,544 | ByteGraph: A High-Performance Distributed Graph Database in ByteDance | 2022 | VLDB | 6.6382612e-05 |
| 6,521 | BG3: A Cost Effective and I/O Efficient Graph Database in ByteDance | 2024 | SIGMOD | 5.8534756e-05 |
| 7,101 | CoRM: Compactable Remote Memory over RDMA | 2021 | SIGMOD | 5.7032817e-05 |
| 7,597 | Galaxybase: A High Performance Native Distributed Graph Database for HTAP | 2024 | VLDB | 5.5879436e-05 |
| 9,053 | CUTTANA: Scalable Graph Partitioning for Faster Distributed Graph Databases and Analytics | 2025 | VLDB | 5.3251649e-05 |
| 9,891 | GTX: A Write-Optimized Latch-free Graph Data System with Transactional Support | 2025 | SIGMOD | 5.1997534e-05 |
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 10 of 10 cited papers.
Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.
| Rank | Cited Paper | Year | Venue | Pagerank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 366 | Scalable Semantic Web Data Management Using Vertical Partitioning | 2007 | VLDB | 0.00020039981 |
| 436 | Trinity: A Distributed Graph Engine on a Memory Cloud | 2013 | SIGMOD | 0.00018504439 |
| 442 | Efficient Subgraph Matching on Billion Node Graphs | 2012 | VLDB | 0.00018398144 |
| 859 | An Efficient SQL-based RDF Querying Scheme | 2005 | VLDB | 0.00013561886 |
| 1,283 | PolarFS: An Ultra-low Latency and Failure Resilient Distributed File System for Shared Storage Cloud Database | 2018 | VLDB | 0.00011337934 |
| 1,342 | Designing Distributed Tree-based Index Structures for Fast RDMA-capable Networks | 2019 | SIGMOD | 0.00011098147 |
| 1,345 | The End of a Myth: Distributed Transactions Can Scale | 2017 | VLDB | 0.00011090483 |
| 3,499 | Unicorn: A System for Searching the Social Graph | 2013 | VLDB | 7.362886e-05 |
| 3,624 | Fast General Distributed Transactions with Opacity | 2019 | SIGMOD | 7.2461483e-05 |
| 4,701 | Nanosecond Indexing of Graph Data With Hash Maps and VLists | 2019 | SIGMOD | 6.555048e-05 |
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Semantically Similar Papers
| # | Overall Rank | Paper | Year | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 500 | Scalable SPARQL Querying of Large RDF Graphs | 2011 | VLDB |
| 2 | 1,387 | A Distributed Graph Engine for Web Scale RDF Data | 2013 | VLDB |
| 3 | 7,492 | Scalable Distributed Inverted List Indexes in Disaggregated Memory | 2024 | SIGMOD |
| 4 | 1,117 | Accelerating Relational Databases by Leveraging Remote Memory and RDMA | 2016 | SIGMOD |
| 5 | 5,029 | Performance Guarantees for Distributed Reachability Queries | 2012 | VLDB |
| 6 | 10,585 | RED-ANNS: An RDMA-Enabled Distributed Framework for Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search | 2026 | VLDB |
| 7 | 436 | Trinity: A Distributed Graph Engine on a Memory Cloud | 2013 | SIGMOD |
| 8 | 442 | Efficient Subgraph Matching on Billion Node Graphs | 2012 | VLDB |
| 9 | 3,109 | Managing Large Dynamic Graphs Efficiently | 2012 | SIGMOD |
| 10 | 1,342 | Designing Distributed Tree-based Index Structures for Fast RDMA-capable Networks | 2019 | SIGMOD |