Quickly Generating Billion-Record Synthetic Databases

Summary: Scalable billion-record synthetic SQL databases on shared-nothing clusters for benchmarking. Key ideas: congruential generators for dense, unique uniform data; concurrent index generation via discrete logs; and support for exponential, normal, and self-similar distributions. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 2731
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 1994
Pagerank: 0.00041403894
Overall Rank: 145 | 99.00%
DOI: -

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 28 of 78 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
6,886	Synthesizing Linked Data Under Cardinality and Integrity Constraints	2021	SIGMOD	4.8904572e-05
7,398	SmartBench: A Benchmark For Data Management In Smart Spaces	2020	VLDB	4.7364678e-05
7,466	Testing Database Applications	2006	SIGMOD	4.7184689e-05
7,492	Nezha: Deployable and High-Performance Consensus Using Synchronized Clocks	2023	VLDB	4.7135369e-05
7,631	Evaluating Persistent Memory Range Indexes: Part Two	2022	VLDB	4.6878629e-05
7,690	ROBUS: Fair Cache Allocation for Data-parallel Workloads	2017	SIGMOD	4.6723821e-05
7,760	Dscaler: Synthetically Scaling A Given Relational Database	2016	VLDB	4.6548456e-05
7,895	HYDRA: A Dynamic Big Data Regenerator	2018	VLDB	4.6192674e-05
7,896	An Analysis of Concurrency Control Protocols for In-Memory Databases with CCBench	2020	VLDB	4.6188106e-05
7,990	BP-tree: Overcoming the Point-Range Operation Tradeoff for In-Memory B-trees	2023	VLDB	4.6086117e-05
8,124	DecLog: Decentralized Logging in Non-Volatile Memory for Time Series Database Systems	2024	VLDB	4.5765641e-05
8,273	Constant Optimization Driven Database System Testing	2025	SIGMOD	4.5392079e-05
8,595	OptiQL: Robust Optimistic Locking for Memory-Optimized Indexes	2023	SIGMOD	4.4844188e-05
8,676	A Practical Approach to Groupjoin and Nested Aggregates	2021	VLDB	4.4652082e-05
8,680	Unbiased Estimation of Size and Other Aggregates Over Hidden Web Databases	2010	SIGMOD	4.4634799e-05
8,846	Scaling your Hybrid CPU-GPU DBMS to Multiple GPUs	2024	VLDB	4.432948e-05
8,858	Automatic Contention Detection and Amelioration for Data-Intensive Operations	2010	SIGMOD	4.4302008e-05
8,870	DataSynth: Generating Synthetic Data using Declarative Constraints	2011	VLDB	4.4274172e-05
9,189	Practical DB-OS Co-Design with Privileged Kernel Bypass	2025	SIGMOD	4.3750062e-05
9,814	Robustness against Read Committed for Transaction Templates	2021	VLDB	4.2742278e-05
9,835	Projection-Compliant Database Generation	2022	VLDB	4.2706095e-05
9,837	Efficiently Joining Large Relations on Multi-GPU Systems	2025	VLDB	4.269939e-05
10,114	SRS: Detecting Logic Bugs of Join Implementation in DBMSs via Set Relation Synthesis	2026	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05
10,630	Simple Testing Can Expose Most Critical Transaction Bugs: Understanding and Detecting Write-Specific Serializability Violations in Database Systems	2025	VLDB	4.1905499e-05
10,668	Rebirth-Retire: A Concurrency Control Protocol Adaptable to Different Levels of Contention	2025	VLDB	4.1905499e-05
11,145	Cache-Efficient Top-k Aggregation over High Cardinality Large Datasets	2024	VLDB	4.1905499e-05
12,418	Dwarfs in the Rearview Mirror: How Big are they Really?	2008	VLDB	4.1905499e-05
12,574	Parallel Execution of Test Runs for Database Application Systems	2005	VLDB	4.1905499e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 2 of 2 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
10	Benchmarking Database Systems: A Systematic Approach	1983	VLDB	0.0012093675
21	GAMMA - A High Performance Dataflow Database Machine	1986	VLDB	0.00086104592

Semantically Similar Papers

Overall Rank	Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
285	Automating Physical Database Design in a Parallel Database	2002	SIGMOD	0.00028978423
8,408	The next 50 Years in Database Indexing or: The Case for Automatically Generated Index Structures	2022	VLDB	4.5159669e-05
2,615	Generating Thousand Benchmark Queries in Seconds	2004	VLDB	8.4485006e-05
7,914	Resource Bricolage for Parallel Database Systems	2015	VLDB	4.6136905e-05
871	Algorithms for Creating Indexes for Very Large Tables Without Quiescing Updates	1992	SIGMOD	0.00015708561
4,441	Generating Databases for Query Workloads	2010	VLDB	6.1795515e-05
6,229	Just can't get enough - Synthesizing Big Data	2015	SIGMOD	5.140274e-05
10,431	A Query-Aware Enormous Database Generator For System Performance Evaluation	2025	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05
2,295	Data Generation using Declarative Constraints	2011	SIGMOD	9.0842571e-05
933	Flexible Database Generators	2005	VLDB	0.00015220613