Optimization of Nested Queries using the NF2 Algebra
Summary: NF2 algebra, an extension of relational algebra for nested tables, can represent all nested queries and a broad set of optimization equivalences, addressing limitations of current optimizers. Because it preserves compatibility with transformation-based optimizers, it enables performance gains with only minor changes to existing systems. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)
Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time
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Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 2 of 2 citing papers.
| Rank | Citing Paper | Year | Venue | Pagerank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8,676 | A Practical Approach to Groupjoin and Nested Aggregates | 2021 | VLDB | 4.4652082e-05 |
| 10,815 | DortDB: Bridging Query Languages for Multi-Model Data Ponds | 2025 | VLDB | 4.1905499e-05 |
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 5 of 5 cited papers.
Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.
| Rank | Cited Paper | Year | Venue | Pagerank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 102 | Of Nests and Trees: A Unified Approach to Processing Queries That Contain Nested Subqueries, Aggregates, and Quantifiers | 1987 | VLDB | 0.00049592627 |
| 130 | Optimization of Nested SQL Queries Revisited | 1987 | SIGMOD | 0.00044001626 |
| 640 | Orthogonal Optimization of Subqueries and Aggregation | 2001 | SIGMOD | 0.00018780632 |
| 1,871 | WinMagic : Subquery Elimination Using Window Aggregation | 2003 | SIGMOD | 0.0001025746 |
| 2,503 | Enhanced Subquery Optimizations in Oracle | 2009 | VLDB | 8.6306662e-05 |
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Semantically Similar Papers
| Overall Rank | Paper | Year | Venue | Pagerank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 454 | An Overview of Query Optimization in Relational Systems | 1998 | PODS | 0.00022796106 |
| 2,466 | Supporting Flat Relations by a Nested Relational Kernel | 1987 | VLDB | 8.734134e-05 |
| 6,182 | The Design of non-1NF Relational Databases into Nested Normal Form | 1987 | SIGMOD | 5.1637091e-05 |
| 144 | Optimization of Nonrecursive Queries | 1986 | VLDB | 0.00041430126 |
| 2,722 | Optimization and Dataflow Algorithms for Nested Tree Queries | 1989 | VLDB | 8.232489e-05 |
| 93 | Remarks on the Algebra of Non First Normal Form Relations | 1982 | PODS | 0.00051290296 |
| 102 | Of Nests and Trees: A Unified Approach to Processing Queries That Contain Nested Subqueries, Aggregates, and Quantifiers | 1987 | VLDB | 0.00049592627 |
| 2,109 | A Recursive Algebra and Query Optimization for Nested Relations | 1989 | SIGMOD | 9.5283567e-05 |
| 12,543 | A Nested Relational Approach to Processing SQL Subqueries | 2005 | SIGMOD | 4.1905499e-05 |
| 130 | Optimization of Nested SQL Queries Revisited | 1987 | SIGMOD | 0.00044001626 |