Logical Schema Design that Quantifies Update Inefficiency and Join Efficiency

Summary: Introduces the l-Bounded Cardinality Normal Form (l-BCNF), a parameterized schema design that quantifies update effort and join efficiency under FDs (BCNF = l=1). Algorithms compute the smallest l across FD-preserving decompositions, with FD loss or prioritization enabling de-normalization and predicting materialized-view maintenance. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 6265
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2021
Pagerank: 4.1905499e-05
Overall Rank: 11,494 | 20.12%
DOI: 10.1145/3448016.3459238

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

No non-self incoming citations found for this paper in this database.

Authors

1. Sebastian Link
2. Ziheng Wei

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
5,911	Normalizing Property Graphs	2023	VLDB	5.2718035e-05
10,517	Synthesizing Third Normal Form Schemata that Minimize Integrity Maintenance and Update Overheads: Parameterizing 3NF by the Numbers of Minimal Keys and Functional Dependencies	2025	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05
11,013	Mixed Covers of Keys and Functional Dependencies for Maintaining the Integrity of Data under Updates	2024	VLDB	4.1905499e-05
11,176	Composite Object Normal Forms: Parameterizing Boyce-Codd Normal Form by the Number of Minimal Keys	2023	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 8 of 8 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
355	Synthesizing Independent Database Schemas	1979	SIGMOD	0.00026204925
890	A Hybrid Approach to Functional Dependency Discovery	2016	SIGMOD	0.00015542177
1,047	Functional Dependency Discovery: An Experimental Evaluation of Seven Algorithms	2015	VLDB	0.00014442219
1,886	Normal forms and relational database operators	1979	SIGMOD	0.00010205841
2,082	Efficient Discovery of Approximate Dependencies	2018	VLDB	9.5875364e-05
3,478	Functional Dependencies for Graphs	2016	SIGMOD	7.0554625e-05
7,825	Main Memory Adaptive Denormalization	2016	SIGMOD	4.6388245e-05
11,862	SQL Schema Design: Foundations, Normal Forms, and Normalization	2016	SIGMOD	4.1905499e-05

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