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Sortledton: a Universal, Transactional Graph Data Structure

Summary: Sortledton: universal, transactional graph data structure for dynamic graphs, optimized for graph kernels. It handles millions of transactional updates per second and ~1.22x CSR-like throughput on common workloads, with a simpler design and 2.1x CSR memory footprint. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
12816
Venue
VLDB
Year
2022
Pagerank
7.8374092e-05
Overall Rank
3,027 | 79.24%
DOI
10.14778/3514061.3514065

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{fuchs_vldb22,
        title = {{Sortledton: a Universal, Transactional Graph Data Structure}},
        author = {Fuchs, Per and Margan, Domagoj and Giceva, Jana},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '22},
        volume = {15},
        number = {6},
        pages = {1173--1186},
        doi = {10.14778/3514061.3514065},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3514061.3514065},
        year = {2022}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 18 of 18 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
4,946 Spruce: A Fast yet Space-saving Structure for Dynamic Graph Storage 2024 SIGMOD 6.4319457e-05
6,456 LSMGraph: A High-Performance Dynamic Graph Storage System with Multi-Level CSR 2024 SIGMOD 5.8741786e-05
8,154 Revisiting the Design of In-Memory Dynamic Graph Storage 2025 SIGMOD 5.4769071e-05
8,411 Mammoths Are Slow: The Overlooked Transactions of Graph Data 2024 VLDB 5.4309351e-05
8,657 An Experimental Comparison of Tree-data Structures for Connectivity Queries on Fully-dynamic Undirected Graphs 2025 SIGMOD 5.3907647e-05
8,896 Aster: Enhancing LSM-structures for Scalable Graph Database 2025 SIGMOD 5.3495662e-05
8,897 BACH: Bridging Adjacency List and CSR Format using LSM-Trees for HGTAP Workloads 2025 VLDB 5.3495662e-05
9,499 GastCoCo: Graph Storage and Coroutine-Based Prefetch Co-Design for Dynamic Graph Processing 2024 VLDB 5.2602156e-05
9,624 RapidStore: An Efficient Dynamic Graph Storage System for Concurrent Queries 2025 VLDB 5.2434488e-05
9,784 Dynamic Graph Databases with Out-of-order Updates 2024 VLDB 5.2209769e-05
9,891 GTX: A Write-Optimized Latch-free Graph Data System with Transactional Support 2025 SIGMOD 5.1997534e-05
10,450 Enabling Efficient Direct Update on Rule-Based Compressed Graph 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,489 RadixGraph: A Fast, Space-Optimized Data Structure for Dynamic Graph Storage 2026 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,707 Catching up with Disorder: Dynamic Graphs with Out-of-Order Updates 2025 SIGMOD 5.093636e-05
10,948 Shifting Transaction Isolation on Graphs: From Systems to Data 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,950 Efficient Graph Data Access for Out-of-Memory GPU Streaming Graph Processing 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
10,976 TreeCat: Standalone Catalog Engine for Large Data Systems 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
11,087 Towards Sufficient GPU-accelerated Dynamic Graph Management: Survey and Experiment 2025 VLDB 5.093636e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 19 of 19 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
3 Pregel: A System for Large-Scale Graph Processing 2010 SIGMOD 0.0012250108
38 Hekaton: SQL Server’s Memory-Optimized OLTP Engine 2013 SIGMOD 0.00047648573
172 High-Performance Concurrency Control Mechanisms for Main-Memory Databases 2012 VLDB 0.00027281663
211 EmptyHeaded: A Relational Engine for Graph Processing 2016 SIGMOD 0.00024797217
232 LinkBench: a Database Benchmark Based on the Facebook Social Graph 2013 SIGMOD 0.00023830978
233 Fast Serializable Multi-Version Concurrency Control for Main-Memory Database Systems 2015 SIGMOD 0.00023815642
264 The Ubiquity of Large Graphs and Surprising Challenges of Graph Processing 2018 VLDB 0.00022980015
426 The LDBC Social Network Benchmark: Interactive Workload 2015 SIGMOD 0.00018692185
809 Optimizing Subgraph Queries by Combining Binary and Worst-Case Optimal Joins 2019 VLDB 0.00013874588
900 G-CORE: A Core for Future Graph Query Languages 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013337186
927 Real-time Constrained Cycle Detection in Large Dynamic Graphs 2018 VLDB 0.00013161079
1,226 LiveGraph: A Transactional Graph Storage System with Purely Sequential Adjacency List Scans 2020 VLDB 0.00011589731
1,320 From Theory to Practice: Efficient Join Query Evaluation in a Parallel Database System 2015 SIGMOD 0.00011166426
1,944 Real-Time Twitter Recommendation: Online Motif Detection in Large Dynamic Graphs 2014 VLDB 9.4354517e-05
2,141 Teseo and the Analysis of Structural Dynamic Graphs 2021 VLDB 9.0978534e-05
2,234 Design Principles for Scaling Multi-core OLTP Under High Contention 2016 SIGMOD 8.8937932e-05
2,522 Fractal: A General-Purpose Graph Pattern Mining System 2019 SIGMOD 8.4713567e-05
3,778 Terrace: A Hierarchical Graph Container for Skewed Dynamic Graphs 2021 SIGMOD 7.1334329e-05
4,254 GraphJet: Real-Time Content Recommendations at Twitter 2016 VLDB 6.8024576e-05
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