Logical Schema Design that Quantifies Update Inefficiency and Join Efficiency

Summary: Introduces the l-Bounded Cardinality Normal Form (l-BCNF), a parameterized schema design that quantifies update effort and join efficiency under FDs (BCNF = l=1). Algorithms compute the smallest l across FD-preserving decompositions, with FD loss or prioritization enabling de-normalization and predicting materialized-view maintenance. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 6326
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2021
Pagerank: 5.093636e-05
Overall Rank: 11,688 | 19.81%
DOI: 10.1145/3448016.3459238

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

No non-self incoming citations found for this paper in this database.

Authors

1. Sebastian Link (University of Auckland)
2. Ziheng Wei (University of Auckland)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{link_sigmod21,
        title = {{Logical Schema Design that Quantifies Update Inefficiency and Join Efficiency}},
        author = {Link, Sebastian and Wei, Ziheng},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '21},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3448016.3459238},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3448016.3459238},
        year = {2021}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 4 of 4 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
5,690	Normalizing Property Graphs	2023	VLDB	6.1205402e-05
10,781	Synthesizing Third Normal Form Schemata that Minimize Integrity Maintenance and Update Overheads: Parameterizing 3NF by the Numbers of Minimal Keys and Functional Dependencies	2025	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
11,221	Mixed Covers of Keys and Functional Dependencies for Maintaining the Integrity of Data under Updates	2024	VLDB	5.093636e-05
11,379	Composite Object Normal Forms: Parameterizing Boyce-Codd Normal Form by the Number of Minimal Keys	2023	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 8 of 8 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
540	Synthesizing Independent Database Schemas	1979	SIGMOD	0.0001686137
618	A Hybrid Approach to Functional Dependency Discovery	2016	SIGMOD	0.00015711835
729	Functional Dependency Discovery: An Experimental Evaluation of Seven Algorithms	2015	VLDB	0.00014539421
1,500	Efficient Discovery of Approximate Dependencies	2018	VLDB	0.00010561098
2,422	Normal forms and relational database operators	1979	SIGMOD	8.6023273e-05
2,973	Functional Dependencies for Graphs	2016	SIGMOD	7.9083516e-05
7,832	Main Memory Adaptive Denormalization	2016	SIGMOD	5.5357919e-05
12,055	SQL Schema Design: Foundations, Normal Forms, and Normalization	2016	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05

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