GTS: GPU-based Tree Index for Fast Similarity Search

Summary: GTS: GPU tree index for similarity search in general metric spaces, using pivot-based pruning plus GPU-friendly list tables to parallelize distance-heavy workloads without coordinates. Two-stage batch/seq search and update support under limited GPU memory; up to 100x over CPU, 20x over prior GPU. (summarized by gpt-5.4-mini on May 24 2026)

Paper ID: 6969
Venue: SIGMOD
Year: 2024
Pagerank: 5.6093517e-05
Overall Rank: 7,474 | 48.73%
DOI: 10.1145/3654945

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Yifan Zhu (Zhejiang University)
2. Ruiyao Ma (Zhejiang University)
3. Baihua Zheng (Singapore Management University)
4. Xiangyu Ke (Zhejiang University)
5. Lu Chen (Zhejiang University)
6. Yunjun Gao (Zhejiang University)

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{zhu_sigmod24,
        title = {{GTS: GPU-based Tree Index for Fast Similarity Search}},
        author = {Zhu, Yifan and Ma, Ruiyao and Zheng, Baihua and Ke, Xiangyu and Chen, Lu and Gao, Yunjun},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '24},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3654945},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3654945},
        year = {2024}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
6,765	AquaPipe: A Quality-Aware Pipeline for Knowledge Retrieval and Large Language Models	2025	SIGMOD	5.7808599e-05
7,124	GTI: Graph-based Tree Index with Logarithm Updates for Nearest Neighbor Search in High-Dimensional Spaces	2025	VLDB	5.6961208e-05
10,209	CMANNS: GPU-Accelerated Graph Index Construction for ANNS via Compute-Memory Disaggregation	2026	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
10,400	Scalable Graph Indexing using GPUs for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search	2026	SIGMOD	5.093636e-05
10,876	BLAEQ: A Multigrid Index for Spatial Query on Geometry Data	2025	VLDB	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 14 of 14 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
2	R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure For Spatial Searching	1984	SIGMOD	0.0020210012
5	Optimal Aggregation Algorithms for Middleware [Extended Abstract]	2001	PODS	0.0010828372
56	M-tree: An Efficient Access Method for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces	1997	VLDB	0.00040719947
398	A Comprehensive Survey and Experimental Comparison of Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search	2021	VLDB	0.00019194947
592	Distance-Based Indexing For High-Dimensional Metric Spaces	1997	SIGMOD	0.00016029789
784	Near Neighbor Search in Large Metric Spaces	1995	VLDB	0.00014069958
3,072	Lux: Always-on Visualization Recommendations for Exploratory Dataframe Workflows	2022	VLDB	7.7873864e-05
3,378	A Hybrid B+-tree as Solution for In-Memory Indexing on CPU-GPU Heterogeneous Computing Platforms	2016	SIGMOD	7.4587887e-05
4,627	Pivot-based Metric Indexing	2017	VLDB	6.5963674e-05
4,691	Fast Processing and Querying of 170TB of Genomics Data via a Repeated And Merged BloOm Filter (RAMBO)	2021	SIGMOD	6.5609196e-05
6,251	The Flexible Socio Spatial Group Queries	2019	VLDB	5.9415675e-05
7,199	Learned Data-aware Image Representations of Line Charts for Similarity Search	2023	SIGMOD	5.6759927e-05
7,376	LiteHST: A Tree Embedding based Method for Similarity Search	2023	SIGMOD	5.6298131e-05
11,573	DESIRE: An Efficient Dynamic Cluster-based Forest Indexing for Similarity Search in Multi-Metric Spaces	2022	VLDB	5.093636e-05

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7	10,370	Fast Optimal Group Steiner Tree Search using GPUs	2026	SIGMOD
8	7,376	LiteHST: A Tree Embedding based Method for Similarity Search	2023	SIGMOD
9	10,400	Scalable Graph Indexing using GPUs for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search	2026	SIGMOD
10	7,124	GTI: Graph-based Tree Index with Logarithm Updates for Nearest Neighbor Search in High-Dimensional Spaces	2025	VLDB