The ND-Tree: A Dynamic Indexing Technique for Multidimensional Non-ordered Discrete Data Spaces

Summary: ND-tree is a dynamic index for multidimensional, non-ordered discrete data spaces (NDDS) enabling efficient similarity search where traditional CDS methods fail. By extending CDS geometric concepts and indexing strategies to NDDS, it achieves faster construction and, on synthetic and genomic data, outperforms linear scan and M-tree in high dimensions. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID: 9010
Venue: VLDB
Year: 2003
Pagerank: 4.1945683e-05
Overall Rank: 12,625 | 12.17%
DOI: -

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Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank

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Showing 11 of 11 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
2	R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure For Spatial Searching	1984	SIGMOD	0.0032169493
5	The K-D-B-Tree: A Search Structure for Large Multidimensional Dynamic Indexes	1981	SIGMOD	0.0018397217
6	The R*-tree: An Efficient and Robust Access Method for Points and Rectangles	1990	SIGMOD	0.0016162015
79	A Quantitative Analysis and Performance Study for Similarity-Search Methods in High-Dimensional Spaces	1998	VLDB	0.00056242144
91	M-tree: An Efficient Access Method for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces	1997	VLDB	0.0005181666
129	The X-tree: An Index Structure for High-Dimensional Data	1996	VLDB	0.0004429571
284	The SR-tree: An Index Structure for High-Dimensional Nearest Neighbor Queries	1997	SIGMOD	0.00028994728
471	FastMap: A Fast Algorithm for Indexing, Data-Mining and Visualization of Traditional and Multimedia Datasets	1995	SIGMOD	0.00022364776
575	Distance-Based Indexing For High-Dimensional Metric Spaces	1997	SIGMOD	0.00019882723
708	Near Neighbor Search in Large Metric Spaces	1995	VLDB	0.00017772684
1,293	Content-Based Image Indexing	1994	VLDB	0.00012783639

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