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The Buddy-Tree: An Efficient and Robust Access Method for Spatial Data Base Systems

Summary: The buddy-tree combines R-tree and grid-file ideas for dynamic, highly correlated spatial data. Its buddy-system directory partitions only occupied space, grows linearly, avoids overflow pages, and makes updates path-local and insertion-order robust. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
h17a9d918cbd45c57
Venue
VLDB
Year
1990
Pagerank
0.00012803465
Overall Rank
967 | 93.51%
DOI
-

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{seeger_vldb90,
        title = {{The Buddy-Tree: An Efficient and Robust Access Method for Spatial Data Base Systems}},
        author = {Seeger, Bernhard and Kriegel, Hans-Peter},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '90},
        pages = {590},
        year = {1990}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 18 of 18 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
90 The X-tree: An Index Structure for High-Dimensional Data 1996 VLDB 0.00034847854
358 A Retrieval Technique for Similar Shapes 1991 SIGMOD 0.00020011298
1,239 Processing Queries By Linear Constraints 1997 PODS 0.00011391184
1,404 Towards an Analysis of Range Query Performance in Spatial Data Structures 1993 PODS 0.00010762824
1,552 Incremental Distance Join Algorithms for Spatial Databases 1998 SIGMOD 0.00010270215
1,957 A Generic Approach to Bulk Loading Multidimensional Index Structures 1997 VLDB 9.3126922e-05
4,135 ST2B-tree: A Self-Tunable Spatio-Temporal B+-tree Index for Moving Objects 2008 SIGMOD 6.7843671e-05
5,026 A General Solution of the n-dimensional B-tree Problem 1995 SIGMOD 6.3069286e-05
5,194 Optimization and Evaluation of Database Queries Including Embedded Interpolation Procedures 1991 SIGMOD 6.232713e-05
5,239 Multi-Disk B-trees 1991 SIGMOD 6.2143601e-05
5,404 Semantic Queries with Pictures: The VIMSYS Model 1991 VLDB 6.1448993e-05
6,585 Indexing Multiple Sets 1994 VLDB 5.7414028e-05
6,587 Efficient Search of Multidimensional B-Trees 1995 VLDB 5.7409998e-05
8,970 The Impact of Global Clustering on Spatial Database Systems 1994 VLDB 5.2473594e-05
9,283 Are Window Queries Representative For Arbitrary Range Queries? 1996 PODS 5.2031172e-05
13,140 A One-Pass Aggregation Algorithm with the Optimal Buffer Size in Multidimensional OLAP 2002 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
13,161 Analyzing Energy Behavior of Spatial Access Methods for Memory-Resident Data 2001 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
13,265 A Region Splitting Strategy for Physical Database Design of Multidimensional File Organizations 1997 VLDB 4.9769913e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 13 of 13 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
2 R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure For Spatial Searching 1984 SIGMOD 0.0019923528
4 The R*-tree: An Efficient and Robust Access Method for Points and Rectangles 1990 SIGMOD 0.0011402175
8 The K-D-B-Tree: A Search Structure for Large Multidimensional Dynamic Indexes 1981 SIGMOD 0.00081200096
265 A Class of Data Structures for Associative Searching 1984 PODS 0.00022748432
522 Interpolation-Based Index Maintenance 1983 PODS 0.00016904732
1,055 The BANG file: a new kind of grid file 1987 SIGMOD 0.00012261335
1,862 Analysis Of Object Oriented Spatial Access Methods 1987 SIGMOD 9.4827102e-05
2,542 A Predicate Matching Algorithm for Database Rule Systems 1990 SIGMOD 8.3198883e-05
4,445 Balanced Multidimensional Extendible Hash Tree 1986 PODS 6.5956997e-05
5,294 Twin Grid Files: Space Optimizing Access Schemes 1988 SIGMOD 6.1899509e-05
5,508 The Interpolation-Based Grid File 1985 PODS 6.0988906e-05
5,708 A Mapping Function for the Directory of a Multidimensional Extendible Hashing 1984 VLDB 6.0254866e-05
14,798 Performance Comparison Of Index Structures For Multi-Key Retrieval 1984 SIGMOD -
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Semantically Similar Papers

# Overall Rank Paper Year Venue
1 6,587 Efficient Search of Multidimensional B-Trees 1995 VLDB
2 5,108 Efficient Spatial Access To A Data Base 1982 SIGMOD
3 5,026 A General Solution of the n-dimensional B-tree Problem 1995 SIGMOD
4 5,334 Filter Trees for Managing Spatial Data Over a Range of Size Granularities 1996 VLDB
5 10,053 Adaptive Indexing of Objects with Spatial Extent 2023 VLDB
6 6,907 Techniques for Design and Implementation of Efficient Spatial Access Methods 1988 VLDB
7 1,904 The LSD tree: spatial access to multidimensional point and non-point objects 1989 VLDB
8 2 R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure For Spatial Searching 1984 SIGMOD
9 4 The R*-tree: An Efficient and Robust Access Method for Points and Rectangles 1990 SIGMOD
10 2,403 Multidimensional Access Methods: Trees Have Grown Everywhere 1997 VLDB