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TURL: Table Understanding through Representation Learning

Summary: TURL pre-trains a structure-aware Transformer over Web tables using Masked Entity Recovery, learning contextual row-column representations. One universal model transfers via lightweight fine-tuning across six table-understanding tasks, outperforming heavily engineered task-specific methods. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
h68d78689ddbe033a
Venue
VLDB
Year
2021
Pagerank
0.00019902067
Overall Rank
366 | 97.55%
DOI
10.14778/3430915.3430921
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{deng_vldb21,
        title = {{TURL: Table Understanding through Representation Learning}},
        author = {Deng, Xiang and Sun, Huan and Lees, Alyssa and Wu, You and Yu, Cong},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '21},
        volume = {14},
        number = {3},
        pages = {307--319},
        doi = {10.14778/3430915.3430921},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3430915.3430921},
        year = {2021}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 50 of 60 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
323 Can Foundation Models Wrangle Your Data? 2023 VLDB 0.00021022156
1,669 Table-GPT: Table Fine-tuned GPT for Diverse Table Tasks 2024 SIGMOD 9.9157758e-05
1,690 Annotating Columns with Pre-trained Language Models 2022 SIGMOD 9.8426663e-05
1,742 Semantics-aware Dataset Discovery from Data Lakes with Contextualized Column-based Representation Learning 2023 VLDB 9.7283207e-05
1,838 CHORUS: Foundation Models for Unified Data Discovery and Exploration 2024 VLDB 9.5195856e-05
1,929 SANTOS: Relationship-based Semantic Table Union Search 2023 SIGMOD 9.3458857e-05
1,993 RPT: Relational Pre-trained Transformer Is Almost All You Need towards Democratizing Data Preparation 2021 VLDB 9.2224853e-05
2,334 GitTables: A Large-Scale Corpus of Relational Tables 2023 SIGMOD 8.6058607e-05
2,370 DeepJoin: Joinable Table Discovery with Pre-trained Language Models 2023 VLDB 8.5469172e-05
3,166 Unicorn: A Unified Multi-tasking Model for Supporting Matching Tasks in Data Integration 2023 SIGMOD 7.5597853e-05
3,223 How Large Language Models Will Disrupt Data Management 2023 VLDB 7.5043163e-05
3,581 Leva: Boosting Machine Learning Performance with Relational Embedding Data Augmentation 2022 SIGMOD 7.1724126e-05
3,717 Logical and Physical Optimizations for SQL Query Execution over Large Language Models 2025 SIGMOD 7.05392e-05
4,158 Integrating Data Lake Tables 2023 VLDB 6.7595989e-05
4,335 ArcheType: A Novel Framework for Open-Source Column Type Annotation using Large Language Models 2024 VLDB 6.6432811e-05
4,611 Transformers for Tabular Data Representation: A Tutorial on Models and Applications 2022 VLDB 6.4869956e-05
4,720 PreQR: Pre-training Representation for SQL Understanding 2022 SIGMOD 6.4353798e-05
4,740 Auto-Tables: Synthesizing Multi-Step Transformations to Relationalize Tables without Using Examples 2023 VLDB 6.429338e-05
5,301 Observatory: Characterizing Embeddings of Relational Tables 2024 VLDB 6.1761723e-05
5,654 DTT: An Example-Driven Tabular Transformer for Joinability by Leveraging Large Language Models 2024 SIGMOD 6.0324041e-05
5,658 Self-supervised and Interpretable Data Cleaning with Sequence Generative Adversarial Networks 2023 VLDB 6.0309825e-05
6,402 A Unified Transferable Model for ML-Enhanced DBMS 2022 CIDR 5.7800842e-05
6,438 CtxPipe: Context-aware Data Preparation Pipeline Construction for Machine Learning 2024 SIGMOD 5.7678369e-05
7,107 WarpGate: A Semantic Join Discovery System for Cloud Data Warehouses 2023 CIDR 5.5818446e-05
7,217 Cross Modal Data Discovery over Structured and Unstructured Data Lakes 2023 VLDB 5.5679482e-05
7,388 Towards Foundation Database Models 2025 CIDR 5.5211011e-05
7,606 Data Imputation with Limited Data Redundancy Using Data Lakes 2025 VLDB 5.4698748e-05
7,787 RECA: Related Tables Enhanced Column Semantic Type Annotation Framework 2023 VLDB 5.4356666e-05
7,946 TabulaX: Leveraging Large Language Models for Multi-Class Table Transformations 2025 VLDB 5.404949e-05
8,161 Watchog: A Light-weight Contrastive Learning based Framework for Column Annotation 2023 SIGMOD 5.37207e-05
8,599 OmniMatch: Joinability Discovery in Data Products 2025 VLDB 5.2921451e-05
9,025 ANN Softmax: Acceleration of Extreme Classification Training 2022 VLDB 5.2202854e-05
9,098 Unveiling Challenges for LLMs in Enterprise Data Engineering 2026 VLDB 5.208561e-05
9,201 Cents: A Flexible and Cost-Effective Framework for LLM-Based Table Understanding 2025 VLDB 5.1950133e-05
9,278 Making Table Understanding Work in Practice 2022 CIDR 5.1860131e-05
9,345 VerifAI: Verified Generative AI 2024 CIDR 5.1769528e-05
9,634 GIDCL: A Graph-Enhanced Interpretable Data Cleaning Framework with Large Language Models 2024 SIGMOD 5.1354312e-05
9,838 Retrieve-and-Verify: A Table Context Selection Framework for Accurate Column Annotations 2026 SIGMOD 5.1064323e-05
10,095 Table Overlap Estimation through Graph Embeddings 2025 SIGMOD 5.068372e-05
10,099 Determining the Largest Overlap between Tables 2024 SIGMOD 5.068372e-05
10,153 Data Augmentation for ML-driven Data Preparation and Integration 2021 VLDB 5.0597449e-05
10,371 QueryArtisan: Generating Data Manipulation Codes for Ad-hoc Analysis in Data Lakes 2025 VLDB 5.0010514e-05
10,380 Alignment-Guided Largest Table Overlap Size Estimation 2027 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,409 SemDistill: Bootstrapping a Low-Latency, Low-Cost Semantic Table Annotator from Noisy LLM 2027 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,524 CONE: Embeddings for Complex Numerical Data Preserving Unit and Variable Semantics 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,627 Burr: A Benchmark for Ontology Learning from Relational Databases 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,692 AutoDDG: Automated Dataset Description Generation using Large Language Models 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,745 Qualitative Join Discovery in Data Lakes using Examples 2026 SIGMOD 4.9605343e-05
10,809 OpenSQL: Data-Efficient Text-to-SQL for Open-Source LLMs via Synthesized Intermediate Supervision 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
10,887 FedAugment: Table Augmentation Search over Decentralized Data Repositories 2026 VLDB 4.9605343e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 5 of 5 cited papers.

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