Azure SQL Database Always Encrypted
Summary: Always Encrypted provides column-level encryption to outsource admin while keeping data confidential. V1 offered deterministic encryption for equality; V2 adds enclave-based comparisons and pattern matching on IND-CPA encryption, with a TPC-C evaluation. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)
Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time
Authors
- 1. Panagiotis Antonopoulos (Microsoft)
- 2. Arvind Arasu (Microsoft)
- 3. Kunal D. Singh (Microsoft)
- 4. Ken Eguro (Microsoft)
- 5. Nitish Gupta (Microsoft)
- 6. Rajat Jain (Microsoft)
- 7. Raghav Kaushik (Microsoft)
- 8. Hanuma Kodavalla (Microsoft)
- 9. Donald Kossmann (Microsoft)
- 10. Nikolas Ogg (Microsoft)
- 11. Ravi Ramamurthy (Microsoft)
- 12. Jakub Szymaszek (Microsoft)
- 13. Jeffrey Trimmer (Microsoft)
- 14. Kapil Vaswani (Microsoft)
- 15. Ramaratnam Venkatesan (Microsoft)
- 16. Mike Zwilling (Microsoft)
BibTeX Citation
@inproceedings{antonopoulos_sigmod20,
title = {{Azure SQL Database Always Encrypted}},
author = {Antonopoulos, Panagiotis and Arasu, Arvind and Singh, Kunal D. and Eguro, Ken and Gupta, Nitish and Jain, Rajat and Kaushik, Raghav and Kodavalla, Hanuma and Kossmann, Donald and Ogg, Nikolas and Ramamurthy, Ravi and Szymaszek, Jakub and Trimmer, Jeffrey and Vaswani, Kapil and Venkatesan, Ramaratnam and Zwilling, Mike},
series = {{SIGMOD} '20},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
doi = {10.1145/3318464.3386141},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3318464.3386141},
year = {2020}
}Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 25 of 25 citing papers.
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 7 of 7 cited papers.
Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.
| Rank | Cited Paper | Year | Venue | Pagerank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 115 | Executing SQL over Encrypted Data in the Database-Service-Provider Model | 2002 | SIGMOD | 0.00031727517 |
| 420 | Processing Analytical Queries over Encrypted Data | 2013 | VLDB | 0.00018531799 |
| 538 | TrustedDB: A Trusted Hardware based Database with Privacy and Data Confidentiality | 2011 | SIGMOD | 0.00016756835 |
| 899 | Orthogonal Security With Cipherbase | 2013 | CIDR | 0.00013183669 |
| 1,644 | Arx: An Encrypted Database using Semantically Secure Encryption | 2019 | VLDB | 9.9995878e-05 |
| 2,952 | Constant Time Recovery in Azure SQL Database | 2019 | VLDB | 7.8143358e-05 |
| 4,280 | Querying Encrypted Data | 2014 | SIGMOD | 6.6868551e-05 |
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Semantically Similar Papers
| # | Overall Rank | Paper | Year | Venue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5,031 | Full Encryption: An end to end encryption mechanism in GaussDB | 2021 | VLDB |
| 2 | 1,017 | Extreme Scale with Full SQL Language Support in Microsoft SQL Azure | 2010 | SIGMOD |
| 3 | 4,888 | SQL Ledger: Cryptographically Verifiable Data in Azure SQL Database | 2021 | SIGMOD |
| 4 | 2,576 | Secure Database-as-a-Service with Cipherbase | 2013 | SIGMOD |
| 5 | 9,198 | Integrity-based Attacks for Encrypted Databases and Implications | 2021 | CIDR |
| 6 | 5,124 | Secure Query Processing with Data Interoperability in a Cloud Database Environment | 2014 | SIGMOD |
| 7 | 8,901 | SecuDB: An In-enclave Privacy-preserving and Tamper-resistant Relational Database | 2024 | VLDB |
| 8 | 3,451 | Building Enclave-Native Storage Engines for Practical Encrypted Databases | 2021 | VLDB |
| 9 | 115 | Executing SQL over Encrypted Data in the Database-Service-Provider Model | 2002 | SIGMOD |
| 10 | 4,280 | Querying Encrypted Data | 2014 | SIGMOD |