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Salesforce Database: A Cloud-Native Multi-Tenant OLTP Database

Summary: SalesforceDB integrates multi-tenancy into a shared immutable store with tenant-clustered LSMs for cloud-scale OLTP. Its LSM virtualization enables metadata-only tenant copies and migration, tenant encryption, and AZ-failure tolerance at petabyte scale. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Aug 28 2026)

Paper ID
hff21fc3588a09e4f
Venue
VLDB
Year
2026
Pagerank
4.9793485e-05
Overall Rank
10,947 | 26.40%
DOI
10.14778/3827998.3828043

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

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Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{agrawal_vldb26,
        title = {{Salesforce Database: A Cloud-Native Multi-Tenant OLTP Database}},
        author = {Agrawal, Atish and Arora, Vaibhav and Baker, Gary and Bergant, Milena and Busjaeger, Benjamin and Chatterjee, Subho and Chong, Terry and Chowdhuri, Roy and Doole, Doug and Du, Haiyan and Fanghaenel, Thomas and Helland, Pat and Jujjuri, JV and Mace, Jim and Mahajan, Ashish and Martin, Jamie and Michael, Nicolas and Mobarak, Ayman and Raspudic, Steven and Spalten, Randy and Wong, Simon and Wyatt, Nat},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '26},
        volume = {19},
        number = {12},
        pages = {4426--4439},
        doi = {10.14778/3827998.3828043},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3827998.3828043},
        year = {2026}
}

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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 37 of 37 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
19 A Critique of ANSI SQL Isolation Levels 1995 SIGMOD 0.00058781151
34 The Design Of Postgres 1986 SIGMOD 0.00049142315
63 Amazon Aurora: Design Considerations for High Throughput Cloud-Native Relational Databases 2017 SIGMOD 0.00038531147
185 CockroachDB: The Resilient Geo-Distributed SQL Database 2020 SIGMOD 0.00026072278
543 Socrates: The New SQL Server in the Cloud 2019 SIGMOD 0.0001663263
641 Relational Cloud: A Database-as-a-Service for the Cloud 2011 CIDR 0.00015255418
680 Amazon Redshift Re-invented 2022 SIGMOD 0.00014828697
738 Zephyr: Live Migration in Shared Nothing Databases for Elastic Cloud Platforms 2011 SIGMOD 0.00014334201
746 Spanner: Becoming a SQL System 2017 SIGMOD 0.00014286107
893 Albatross: Lightweight Elasticity in Shared Storage Databases for the Cloud using Live Data Migration 2011 VLDB 0.00013220089
922 AsterixDB: A Scalable, Open Source BDMS 2014 VLDB 0.00013068048
1,147 MyRocks: LSM-Tree Database Storage Engine Serving Facebook's Social Graph 2020 VLDB 0.00011813751
1,338 SQLVM: Performance Isolation in Multi-Tenant Relational Database-as-a-Service 2013 CIDR 0.00010979494
1,413 Azure SQL Database Always Encrypted 2020 SIGMOD 0.00010738658
1,425 Amazon Aurora: On Avoiding Distributed Consensus for I/Os, Commits, and Membership Changes 2018 SIGMOD 0.00010714536
1,513 Cloud-Native Database Systems at Alibaba: Opportunities and Challenges 2019 VLDB 0.00010429438
1,875 Storage Management in AsterixDB 2014 VLDB 9.4576907e-05
2,335 Towards a Non-2PC Transaction Management in Distributed Database Systems 2016 SIGMOD 8.6221031e-05
2,424 Squall: Fine-Grained Live Reconfiguration for Partitioned Main Memory Databases 2015 SIGMOD 8.485975e-05
2,671 Taurus Database: How to be Fast, Available, and Frugal in the Cloud 2020 SIGMOD 8.15025e-05
2,758 The Design of the Force.com Multitenant Internet Application Development Platform 2009 SIGMOD 8.0519909e-05
2,812 OceanBase: A 707 Million tpmC Distributed Relational Database System 2022 VLDB 7.9811649e-05
3,237 Characterizing Tenant Behavior for Placement and Crisis Mitigation in Multitenant DBMSs 2013 SIGMOD 7.5017163e-05
4,946 A Comparative Study of Secondary Indexing Techniques in LSM-based NoSQL Databases 2018 SIGMOD 6.3435811e-05
5,185 PolarDB-MP: A Multi-Primary Cloud-Native Database via Disaggregated Shared Memory 2024 SIGMOD 6.238732e-05
5,363 Taurus MM: bringing multi-master to the cloud 2023 VLDB 6.1608121e-05
6,753 Multi-Tenant Cloud Data Services: State-of-the-Art, Challenges and Opportunities 2022 SIGMOD 5.6904085e-05
7,307 Immutability Changes Everything 2015 CIDR 5.5581323e-05
7,345 PolarDB-SCC: A Cloud-Native Database Ensuring Low Latency for Strongly Consistent Reads 2023 VLDB 5.5461882e-05
7,414 FoundationDB Record Layer: A Multi-Tenant Structured Datastore 2019 SIGMOD 5.533302e-05
7,945 Unlocking the Potential of CXL for Disaggregated Memory in Cloud-Native Databases 2025 SIGMOD 5.4212704e-05
9,352 Bringing the Operational and Analytical Worlds Together with Lakebase 2025 VLDB 5.1887972e-05
9,451 CockroachDB Serverless: Sub-second Scaling from Zero with Multi-region Cluster Virtualization 2025 SIGMOD 5.1749657e-05
9,627 SHIELD: Encrypting Persistent Data of LSM-KVS from Monolithic to Disaggregated Storage 2025 SIGMOD 5.1482651e-05
10,259 From Scale-Up to Scale-Out: PolarDB’s Journey to Achieving 2 Billion tpmC 2025 VLDB 5.050482e-05
10,355 A Multi-tenant Relational OLTP Database at Salesforce 2026 CIDR 4.9793485e-05
11,465 Scalable OLTP in the Cloud: What’s the BIG DEAL? The Database AND the Application Have a BIG DEAL: Their Isolation Semantics 2024 CIDR 4.9793485e-05
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