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Joins on Samples: A Theoretical Guide for Practitioners

Summary: Provides a theoretical guide to sample-based join AQP, separating output cardinality from estimator variance and proving variance lower bounds. A hybrid stratified/universe/Bernoulli scheme is constant-factor optimal, with a decentralized implementation for distributed systems. (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
h843370efc39377ef
Venue
VLDB
Year
2020
Pagerank
5.9782109e-05
Overall Rank
5,831 | 60.80%
DOI
10.14778/3372716.3372726

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{huang_vldb20,
        title = {{Joins on Samples: A Theoretical Guide for Practitioners}},
        author = {Huang, Dawei and Yoon, Dong Young and Pettie, Seth and Mozafari, Barzan},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '20},
        volume = {13},
        number = {4},
        pages = {547--560},
        doi = {10.14778/3372716.3372726},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3372716.3372726},
        year = {2020}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 9 of 9 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
2,765 Instance-Optimized Data Layouts for Cloud Analytics Workloads 2021 SIGMOD 8.0439015e-05
3,052 A Unified Deep Model of Learning from both Data and Queries for Cardinality Estimation 2021 SIGMOD 7.7052471e-05
3,090 Correlation Sketches for Approximate Join-Correlation Queries 2021 SIGMOD 7.6584982e-05
5,414 Towards Distribution-aware Query Answering in Data Markets 2022 VLDB 6.1399858e-05
8,223 PilotDB: Database-Agnostic Online Approximate Query Processing with A Priori Error Guarantees 2025 SIGMOD 5.3751366e-05
8,770 One Size Does Not Fit All: A Bandit-Based Sampler Combination Framework with Theoretical Guarantees 2022 SIGMOD 5.2812395e-05
9,417 Towards Observability for Production Machine Learning Pipelines 2022 VLDB 5.1803615e-05
10,402 Accelerating Approximate Analytical Join Queries over Unstructured Data with Statistical Guarantees 2026 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
11,536 Enabling Adaptive Sampling for Intra-Window Join: Simultaneously Optimizing Quantity and Quality 2024 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 37 of 37 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
9 Online Aggregation 1997 SIGMOD 0.00076195956
57 On Random Sampling over Joins 1999 SIGMOD 0.00040108301
85 Learned Cardinalities: Estimating Correlated Joins with Deep Learning 2019 CIDR 0.00035864347
135 Ripple Joins for Online Aggregation 1999 SIGMOD 0.00029866033
138 Join Synopses for Approximate Query Answering 1999 SIGMOD 0.00029627449
596 Wander Join: Online Aggregation via Random Walks 2016 SIGMOD 0.00015785583
688 Cardinality Estimation Done Right: Index-Based Join Sampling 2017 CIDR 0.00014753664
750 Join Size Estimation Subject to Filter Conditions 2015 VLDB 0.00014265196
784 VerdictDB: Universalizing Approximate Query Processing 2018 SIGMOD 0.00014012614
795 Random Sampling over Joins Revisited 2018 SIGMOD 0.00013938779
840 Quickr: Lazily Approximating Complex AdHoc Queries in BigData Clusters 2016 SIGMOD 0.0001354605
842 Processing Complex Aggregate Queries over Data Streams 2002 SIGMOD 0.00013540697
931 Dynamic Sample Selection for Approximate Query Processing 2003 SIGMOD 0.00013011667
948 Aqua: A Fast Decision Support System Using Approximate Query Answers 1999 VLDB 0.00012914559
1,022 Online Aggregation for Large MapReduce Jobs 2011 VLDB 0.00012438826
1,156 QuickSel: Quick Selectivity Learning with Mixture Models 2020 SIGMOD 0.00011777105
1,183 ICICLES: Self-tuning Samples for Approximate Query Answering 2000 VLDB 0.00011616705
1,243 Blink and It's Done: Interactive Queries on Very Large Data 2012 VLDB 0.0001135375
1,257 Sampling-Based Query Re-Optimization 2016 SIGMOD 0.00011310561
1,428 Knowing When You’re Wrong: Building Fast and Reliable Approximate Query Processing Systems 2014 SIGMOD 0.00010693831
1,678 Two-Level Sampling for Join Size Estimation 2017 SIGMOD 9.9088372e-05
1,820 A Scalable Hash Ripple Join Algorithm 2002 SIGMOD 9.5690887e-05
1,826 Effective Use of Block-Level Sampling in Statistics Estimation 2004 SIGMOD 9.5575424e-05
1,916 The Analytical Bootstrap: a New Method for Fast Error Estimation in Approximate Query Processing 2014 SIGMOD 9.3837729e-05
2,027 Database Learning: Toward a Database that Becomes Smarter Every Time 2017 SIGMOD 9.1618139e-05
2,096 Vizdom: Interactive Analytics through Pen and Touch 2015 VLDB 9.0550231e-05
2,354 Hashed Samples: Selectivity Estimators For Set Similarity Selection Queries 2008 VLDB 8.5896515e-05
2,873 SnappyData: A Unified Cluster for Streaming, Transactions, and Interactive Analytics 2017 CIDR 7.9225385e-05
2,879 Distributed Lock Management with RDMA: Decentralization without Starvation 2018 SIGMOD 7.9150972e-05
3,087 Continuous Sampling for Online Aggregation Over Multiple Queries 2010 SIGMOD 7.6624333e-05
3,213 Turbo-Charging Estimate Convergence in DBO 2009 VLDB 7.5328015e-05
3,341 I've Seen "Enough": Incrementally Improving Visualizations to Support Rapid Decision Making 2017 VLDB 7.4063139e-05
3,858 Is Min-Wise Hashing Optimal for Summarizing Set Intersection? 2014 PODS 6.9676872e-05
3,871 A Bi-Level Bernoulli Scheme for Database Sampling 2004 SIGMOD 6.9543581e-05
4,217 A Disk-Based Join With Probabilistic Guarantees* 2005 SIGMOD 6.7271293e-05
5,316 CliffGuard: A Principled Framework for Finding Robust Database Designs 2015 SIGMOD 6.1836681e-05
6,004 Approximate Query Engines: Commercial Challenges and Research Opportunities 2017 SIGMOD 5.9166815e-05
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