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The Key to Effective UDF Optimization: Before Inlining, First Perform Outlining

Summary: Challenges whole-UDF inlining, showing it can yield worse plans. PRISM first outlines optimizer-unhelpful fragments, then selectively inlines the rest, improving unnesting and data skipping while avoiding joins (1.29× DuckDB; 298.73× SQL Server). (summarized by gpt-5.6-luna on Jul 24 2026)

Paper ID
hf59551eb1d238e03
Venue
VLDB
Year
2025
Pagerank
5.1543679e-05
Overall Rank
9,596 | 35.51%
DOI
10.14778/3696435.3696436
PDF
Download (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@article{arch_vldb25,
        title = {{The Key to Effective UDF Optimization: Before Inlining, First Perform Outlining}},
        author = {Arch, Samuel and Liu, Yuchen and Mowry, Todd C. and Patel, Jignesh M. and Pavlo, Andrew},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '25},
        volume = {18},
        number = {1},
        pages = {1--13},
        doi = {10.14778/3696435.3696436},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3696435.3696436},
        year = {2025}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 2 of 2 citing papers.

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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 22 of 22 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
71 DuckDB: an Embeddable Analytical Database 2019 SIGMOD 0.00037724477
215 Morsel-Driven Parallelism: A NUMA-Aware Query Evaluation Framework for the Many-Core Age 2014 SIGMOD 0.00024589307
552 Orthogonal Optimization of Subqueries and Aggregation 2001 SIGMOD 0.00016530708
896 Froid: Optimization of Imperative Programs in a Relational Database 2018 VLDB 0.00013203085
1,275 Rewriting Procedures for Batched Bindings 2008 VLDB 0.00011242055
1,378 Execution Strategies for SQL Subqueries 2007 SIGMOD 0.00010859556
1,765 SQL Server Column Store Indexes 2011 SIGMOD 9.6934008e-05
1,786 Procedural Extensions of SQL: Understanding their usage in the wild 2021 VLDB 9.6281276e-05
1,803 Tuplex: Data Science in Python at Native Code Speed 2021 SIGMOD 9.602292e-05
2,208 Magpie: Python at Speed and Scale using Cloud Backends 2021 CIDR 8.8445332e-05
2,994 Extracting Equivalent SQL from Imperative Code in Database Applications 2016 SIGMOD 7.7685417e-05
3,195 One WITH RECURSIVE is Worth Many GOTOs 2021 SIGMOD 7.546228e-05
3,986 Designing an Open Framework for Query Optimization and Compilation 2022 VLDB 6.8697828e-05
4,062 Aggify: Lifting the Curse of Cursor Loops using Custom Aggregates 2020 SIGMOD 6.8215782e-05
5,234 Babelfish: Efficient Execution of Polyglot Queries 2022 VLDB 6.2159562e-05
5,720 Accelerating Python UDFs in Vectorized Query Execution 2022 CIDR 6.0159287e-05
6,086 Dear User-Defined Functions, Inlining isn't working out so great for us. Let's try batching to make our relationship work. Sincerely, SQL 2024 CIDR 5.8893767e-05
6,215 YeSQL: "You extend SQL" with Rich and Highly Performant User-Defined Functions in Relational Databases 2022 VLDB 5.8453061e-05
6,301 Declarative Sub-Operators for Universal Data Processing 2023 VLDB 5.8167709e-05
7,441 DBridge: Translating Imperative Code to SQL 2017 SIGMOD 5.5246099e-05
10,051 YeSQL: Rich User-Defined Functions without the Overhead 2022 VLDB 5.0890428e-05
10,052 Tuplex: Robust, Efficient Analytics When Python Rules 2019 VLDB 5.0890428e-05
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