Optimal Sharding for Scalable Blockchains with Deconstructed SMR
Summary: Arete deconstructs SMR to break the shard size–security tradeoff: a lightweight ordering shard orders digests while many non‑consensus processing shards (≈50% Byzantine tolerance) handle dissemination/execution, enabling much smaller shards. By separating safety/liveness and using a certify‑order‑execute pipeline, Arete fully parallelizes transaction handling and achieves superior scalability, throughput and cross‑shard latency in a 500‑node AWS evaluation. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Feb 09 2026)
Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time
Authors
- 1. Jianting Zhang (Purdue University)
- 2. Zhongtang Luo (Purdue University)
- 3. Raghavendra Ramesh (Supra Research)
- 4. Aniket Kate (Purdue University; Supra Research)
BibTeX Citation
@article{zhang_vldb25,
title = {{Optimal Sharding for Scalable Blockchains with Deconstructed SMR}},
author = {Zhang, Jianting and Luo, Zhongtang and Ramesh, Raghavendra and Kate, Aniket},
journal = {PVLDB},
series = {{VLDB} '25},
volume = {18},
number = {7},
pages = {2198--2211},
doi = {10.14778/3734839.3734855},
url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3734839.3734855},
year = {2025}
}Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 1 of 1 citing papers.
| Rank | Citing Paper | Year | Venue | Pagerank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10,917 | Remora: Scale-out Deterministic Execution for Smart Contracts | 2026 | VLDB | 4.9605343e-05 |
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)
Showing 9 of 9 cited papers.
Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.
| Rank | Cited Paper | Year | Venue | Pagerank |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 394 | Impossibility of Distributed Consensus with One Faulty Process | 1983 | PODS | 0.00019141584 |
| 666 | Towards Scaling Blockchain Systems via Sharding | 2019 | SIGMOD | 0.00014946867 |
| 1,042 | Blurring the Lines between Blockchains and Database Systems: the Case of Hyperledger Fabric | 2019 | SIGMOD | 0.00012325917 |
| 1,579 | Blockchain Meets Database: Design and Implementation of a Blockchain Relational Database | 2019 | VLDB | 0.00010155728 |
| 2,146 | A Transactional Perspective on Execute-order-validate Blockchains | 2020 | SIGMOD | 8.9604977e-05 |
| 3,225 | SharPer: Sharding Permissioned Blockchains Over Network Clusters | 2021 | SIGMOD | 7.5026213e-05 |
| 3,838 | Releasing Locks As Early As You Can: Reducing Contention of Hotspots by Violating Two-Phase Locking | 2021 | SIGMOD | 6.9706836e-05 |
| 4,222 | NeuChain: A Fast Permissioned Blockchain System with Deterministic Ordering | 2022 | VLDB | 6.7110362e-05 |
| 5,408 | ByShard: Sharding in a Byzantine Environment | 2021 | VLDB | 6.1321228e-05 |
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