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Releasing Locks As Early As You Can: Reducing Contention of Hotspots by Violating Two-Phase Locking

Summary: Bamboo releases locks earlier than strict two-phase locking to exploit hotspot parallelism and reduce contention by violating 2PL. It analyzes cascading aborts from reading uncommitted data, discusses optimizations, and demonstrates up to 4x overall and up to 19x hotspot speedups on TPC-C and hotspot workloads. (summarized by gpt-5-nano on Feb 09 2026)

Paper ID
hff62601fb515cfa2
Venue
SIGMOD
Year
2021
Pagerank
6.993185e-05
Overall Rank
3,834 | 74.23%
DOI
10.1145/3448016.3457294

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

BibTeX Citation

@inproceedings{guo_sigmod21,
        title = {{Releasing Locks As Early As You Can: Reducing Contention of Hotspots by Violating Two-Phase Locking}},
        author = {Guo, Zhihan and Wu, Kan and Yan, Cong and Yu, Xiangyao},
        series = {{SIGMOD} '21},
        booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGMOD} International Conference on Management of Data},
        publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
        doi = {10.1145/3448016.3457294},
        url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3448016.3457294},
        year = {2021}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 20 of 20 citing papers.

Rank Citing Paper Year Venue Pagerank
6,001 Fine-Grained Re-Execution for Efficient Batched Commit of Distributed Transactions 2023 VLDB 5.9185185e-05
6,339 Cloud Actor-Oriented Database Transactions in Orleans 2024 VLDB 5.8092399e-05
6,380 When Private Blockchain Meets Deterministic Database 2023 SIGMOD 5.8072595e-05
7,003 Towards Optimal Transaction Scheduling 2024 VLDB 5.6244707e-05
7,049 Polaris: Enabling Transaction Priority in Optimistic Concurrency Control 2023 SIGMOD 5.6132108e-05
7,829 TDSQL: Tencent Distributed Database System 2024 VLDB 5.4438901e-05
8,584 Mammoths Are Slow: The Overlooked Transactions of Graph Data 2024 VLDB 5.3090795e-05
9,295 A Hybrid Approach to Integrating Deterministic and Non-deterministic Concurrency Control in Database Systems 2025 VLDB 5.1992306e-05
9,727 Tabular: Efficiently Building Efficient Indexes 2025 VLDB 5.1349531e-05
9,869 Bonspiel: Low Tail Latency Transactions in Geo-Distributed Databases 2025 VLDB 5.1176637e-05
9,913 Fast Commitment for Geo-Distributed Transactions via Decentralized Co-coordinators 2024 VLDB 5.1103839e-05
10,203 Rebirth-Retire: A Concurrency Control Protocol Adaptable to Different Levels of Contention 2025 VLDB 5.0609154e-05
10,224 Modeling Concurrency Control as a Learnable Function 2026 SIGMOD 5.0571508e-05
10,283 Optimal Sharding for Scalable Blockchains with Deconstructed SMR 2025 VLDB 5.0448662e-05
10,549 Brook-2PL: Tolerating High Contention Workloads with A Deadlock-Free Two-Phase Locking Protocol 2026 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
10,569 Focus! Fast On-disk Concurrency-control Using Sketches 2026 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
11,134 TXSQL: Lock Optimizations Towards High Contented Workloads 2025 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
11,267 Oze: Decentralized Graph-based Concurrency Control for Long-running Update Transactions 2025 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,281 Fair Transaction Processing for Multi-Tenant Databases 2025 VLDB 4.9793485e-05
11,701 MRVs: Enforcing Numeric Invariants in Parallel Updates to Hotspots with Randomized Splitting 2023 SIGMOD 4.9793485e-05
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Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 15 of 15 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank Cited Paper Year Venue Pagerank
35 Hekaton: SQL Server’s Memory-Optimized OLTP Engine 2013 SIGMOD 0.00048001919
170 High-Performance Concurrency Control Mechanisms for Main-Memory Databases 2012 VLDB 0.0002705961
221 ARIES/KVL: A Key-Value Locking Method for Concurrency Control of Multiaction Transactions Operating on B-Tree Indexes 1990 VLDB 0.00024274803
445 Staring into the Abyss: An Evaluation of Concurrency Control with One Thousand Cores 2015 VLDB 0.00018176701
756 Rethinking serializable multiversion concurrency control 2015 VLDB 0.00014210991
797 Low Overhead Concurrency Control for Partitioned Main Memory Databases 2010 SIGMOD 0.00013922631
1,026 Aether: A Scalable Approach to Logging 2010 VLDB 0.00012423267
1,071 High Performance Transactions via Early Write Visibility 2017 VLDB 0.0001217253
1,161 Mostly-Optimistic Concurrency Control for Highly Contended Dynamic Workloads on a Thousand Cores 2017 VLDB 0.00011768531
1,352 Improving Optimistic Concurrency Control Through Transaction Batching and Operation Reordering 2019 VLDB 0.0001093254
2,180 Leveraging Lock Contention to Improve OLTP Application Performance 2016 VLDB 8.9119622e-05
3,261 Scaling Multicore Databases via Constrained Parallel Execution 2016 SIGMOD 7.4835376e-05
3,932 Controlled Lock Violation 2013 SIGMOD 6.9182359e-05
4,284 Reducing Database Locking Contention Through Multi-version Concurrency 2014 VLDB 6.688627e-05
4,505 Revisiting Commit Processing in Distributed Database Systems 1997 SIGMOD 6.5727503e-05
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