SQL-Factory: A Multi-Agent Framework for High-Quality and Large-Scale SQL Generation

Summary: SQL-Factory: a modular multi-agent pipeline splitting SQL synthesis into Generation (diverse structures via a strong LLM), Expansion (cheap scaling via a lightweight LLM), and Management (adaptive scheduling and quality control). Generates >300k diverse SQLs for <$200 API cost and boosts downstream Text-to-SQL performance. (summarized by gpt-5-mini on Mar 13 2026)

Paper ID: 14520
Venue: VLDB
Year: 2026
Pagerank: 5.3251649e-05
Overall Rank: 9,047 | 37.93%
DOI: 10.14778/3778092.3778093

Incoming Non-self Citations Over Time

Authors

1. Jiahui Li (Zhejiang University)
2. Tongwang Wu (Zhejiang University)
3. Yuren Mao (Zhejiang University)
4. Yunjun Gao (Zhejiang University)
5. Yajie Feng (Huawei)
6. Huaizhong Liu (Huawei)

BibTeX Citation

@article{li_vldb26,
        title = {{SQL-Factory: A Multi-Agent Framework for High-Quality and Large-Scale SQL Generation}},
        author = {Li, Jiahui and Wu, Tongwang and Mao, Yuren and Gao, Yunjun and Feng, Yajie and Liu, Huaizhong},
        journal = {PVLDB},
        series = {{VLDB} '26},
        volume = {19},
        number = {3},
        pages = {292--305},
        doi = {10.14778/3778092.3778093},
        url = {https://doi.org/10.14778/3778092.3778093},
        year = {2026}
}

Incoming Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 1 of 1 citing papers.

Rank	Citing Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
10,530	SQL-Exchange: Transforming SQL Queries Across Domains	2026	VLDB	5.093636e-05

Outgoing Citations (Sorted by Pagerank)

Showing 19 of 19 cited papers.

Citations counted here include only citations to other VLDB/SIGMOD/CIDR/PODS papers in this database.

Rank	Cited Paper	Year	Venue	Pagerank
86	Automatic Database Management System Tuning Through Large-scale Machine Learning	2017	SIGMOD	0.00035316107
279	Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluation	2024	VLDB	0.00022468369
334	An End-to-End Automatic Cloud Database Tuning System Using Deep Reinforcement Learning	2019	SIGMOD	0.00020875082
392	Massive Stochastic Testing of SQL	1998	VLDB	0.00019342814
476	The Making of TPC-DS	2006	VLDB	0.00017860667
756	CodeS: Towards Building Open-source Language Models for Text-to-SQL	2024	SIGMOD	0.0001431656
1,832	DSB: A Decision Support Benchmark for Workload-Driven and Traditional Database Systems	2021	VLDB	9.6607418e-05
1,920	D-Bot: Database Diagnosis System using Large Language Models	2024	VLDB	9.4846185e-05
2,039	ScienceBenchmark: A Complex Real-World Benchmark for Evaluating Natural Language to SQL Systems	2024	VLDB	9.2721259e-05
2,395	OmniSQL: Synthesizing High-quality Text-to-SQL Data at Scale	2025	VLDB	8.6355093e-05
3,338	Robust Query Driven Cardinality Estimation under Changing Workloads	2023	VLDB	7.5068221e-05
4,251	FinSQL: Model-Agnostic LLMs-based Text-to-SQL Framework for Financial Analysis	2024	SIGMOD	6.8031106e-05
4,349	ALECE: An Attention-based Learned Cardinality Estimator for SPJ Queries on Dynamic Workloads	2024	VLDB	6.7504619e-05
4,671	PreQR: Pre-training Representation for SQL Understanding	2022	SIGMOD	6.5732787e-05
5,169	LearnedSQLGen: Constraint-aware SQL Generation using Reinforcement Learning	2022	SIGMOD	6.3349035e-05
6,543	Speeding Up End-to-end Query Execution via Learning-based Progressive Cardinality Estimation	2023	SIGMOD	5.8461929e-05
8,591	A New Paradigm in Tuning Learned Indexes: A Reinforcement Learning Enhanced Approach	2025	SIGMOD	5.4059856e-05
8,945	Generation of Training Examples for Tabular Natural Language Inference	2023	SIGMOD	5.3480421e-05
9,441	Db2une: Tuning Under Pressure via Deep Learning	2024	VLDB	5.2678428e-05

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